Major Influence and
CHURCH 
-----------------

  Scotch, Scotch-Irish, Welsh
     PRESBYTERIAN   
with
    Chosen "Elders" - Democratic Rule.
    Four Courts: Session, Presbytery,
Synod, and General Assembly. 

Sacraments : Baptism (initiation and  public confession) and Communion to renew faith - 
(without transubstantiation).
Confession is voluntary 
and made directly to God

Belief - THE BIBLE as well as these
         CREEDS and CONFESSIONS:
Apostle's Creed, Nicene Creed, Scpt's Confession (1560), Heidelberg Confession, Second Helvetic Confession, Westminster Confession, Larger Catechism, Shorter Catechism, Barmen Declaration, Confession of 1967, . . . 

The universe is controlled by God - 
virtue is rewarded and sin punished. 

God grants the gift of Grace to enable all to gain the Faith needed for salvation.

The separation from God now or in the hereafter is Hell.  Education is stressed for the laity and ministers in interpreting the Bible.

The ministry is the MEMBERSHIP of the CHURCH, not a special group set apart from the rest.  Some are chosen to preside over the affairs of the church for direction and leadership for preaching, teaching, charity and business.

The church is "people" with early leadership from Martin Luther (1517), John Calvin (1533), John Knox (1559) - in America - PHILADELPHIA LEADERS (1705) John Witherspoon (c. 1776),  - 

the elders, deacons, ministers, and trustees with property held by an elected Presbytery. 

-----------------------------------

Much of this information is a summary of "histories" from local churches compiled in the Newton Presbytery's booklet A History of the Churches of the Presbytery of Newton circa 1990. 

Major Influence and
CHURCH 
-----------------

  English ...
  BAPTIST CHURCH

  English
  METHODIST

  English  
  METHODIST-
  EPISCOPAL  

  African American
   A. M. E.


  DUTCH 
  REFORMED

 Italian/French/Sp.
 ROMAN     
 CATHOLIC


 English  -  Anglican
  EPISCOPAL

 German
   LUTHERAN 


   ENGLISH  / SCOT
  Society of Friends

   Some Early Presidents  
  Diests

  Jewish

  Asian   

  Mega Churches,

  TV CHURCHES 

   and  . . . other

What was happening 
    way back then ?

 |
 V

A world of turmoil !

                         Circa 1700  

Read here of some "offshoots" . . .

1710-1719 Records from 1796
HANOVER  
PRESBYTERIAN
16 Hanover Road 
Hanover Twp.

The HANOVER CHURCH IS THE MOTHER OF MOST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES in MORRIS COUNTY.

============
 
Earlier, families from Newark and Orange moved west across the "Newark Mountains" into the Whippany River valley, then occupied by the Lenni Lenape Indian tribe.  Schoolmaster, John Richards, from Newark deeded 3.5 acres between the north bank of the Whippany River and just south of the main road to Newark (now Route 10) for "a meeting house for the public worship of God.".  (Richards  died three months later and was the first to be buried there).  
The original shingled building had a cupola or spire and an outdoor stairway to the gallery.  The original foundation had been located a few yards from the road and just a few yards east of the entrance gate of the present cemetery   A sign near the roads marks this site.

The original meeting began in 1718 or 1719, possibly, with the the Congregational form under the influence of Yale educated Rev. Nathaniel  Hubbard, who served for 12 years and also ministered in Westfield, NJ. 

Harvard educated Jacob Green (b.1722 - d.1790 - had grown up in eastern Connecticut and in Massachusetts) was called from Elizabethtown, at age 23  in 1745, to Whippany and was ordained in 1746 (elders were first elected in 1747).  The first elders were elected in1747, indicating the new influence of the Presbytery.  Rev. Green  became preacher, teacher, doctor, proctor, miller and distiller. He was an early advocate of the abolition of slavery.  He backed the American separation from Britain, and he was involved in the writing of New Jersey's constitution.

Early background -
In 1755, the Whippany congregation left the original meeting house at Whippany to create two new churches, one in Hanover with Pastor Jacob Green and the other church in Parsippany.

It is said that Thomas Edison's grandparents were married here in 1765. (per Betty Albert, the church historian - per Lisa Vernon-Sparks of the Star Ledger).

1775-1777 the meeting house was used as a hospital for the Continental Army.

1779 - an application for a charter of incorporation as First Presbyterian Congregation in Hanover was made. 

          
1835 - a new church replaced the old meeting house.  NJ's first congressman, Aaron Kitchell, and 38 service men from the Revolutionary War , 8 from the Civil War, 1 from WWI and 2 from WWII, are at rest in these burial grounds. 

1833  A granddaughter church ...
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, BOONTON 
( 1832 erected 1833 )
The great  revivals of 1858 in New York led to increased membership, and a new building was built in 1860 and widened on both sides within a few years. 
There was early help from the Parsippany Presbyterian church and donations of land from the  New Jersey Iron Company.

1834   A granddaughter church ...
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,
WHIPPANY
(planned in 1833, erected in 1834)
1833  HANOVER TWP
WHIPPANY  PRESBYTERIAN 

(The boss of the building committee, Elijah Hopping, also built an almost identical church building for the Hanover congregation In 1835).  The schism began when the Hanover church "new measure advocate" pastor, John J. Slocum sold psalm books in the church on the Sabbath. Forty members and the new pastor, Rev. William Newell, separated and established the new church at Whippany.  The Presbytery of Newark refused to ordain one of the pastors.  In 1833, there was a spectacular shower of meteors (Calvin Green, saw some of the "stars" falling near his own field. Post WWII, in 1951, a large church hall was added on the east side of the church, and in 1961, a modern Christian Education wing and offices were added to the west side of the church.  A fire severely damaged the chancel in 1961, but restoration was made  promptly.  But a few years later, a major flood of the Whippany River damaged the original foundation, sanctuary and basement facilities. Major structural and equipment refurbishing took place in the 1976-1982 period.

1718 - 
Roots of Calvary Church :  
Florham Park, NJ.
The First Presbyterian Church of Hanover had some Religious services held in the "Little Red Schoolhouse" on Columbia Turnpike at Ridgedale Avenue in Florham Park. 
In 1857, a local chapel, Calvary Chapel, was built farther east on Columbia Tpke. for use in evening services and for church school.  The Sunday worship services were held at Hanover Church.  
In 1946, Calvary Presbyterian Church was formed using the chapel for Sunday services. The present Church and Christian Education wing was completed in 1956..  

Rhode Island - The first Baptist association in the colonies began. 

Boston - The Assembly ordered all Roman Catholic priests to leave this colony by September.  There was fear of a catholic Stuart revival in England.

Boston - the first distillery to make RUM was opened.  The colonies had a population of about 275,000 with about 25,000 slaves.

Food and commodities were shipped from Boston to the West Indies, traded for RUM, which was traded in Africa for captured slaves, which were brought to the West Indies and sold.  The slaves were then resold to the colonies. 

Judge Samuel Sewall distributed his The Selling of Joseph, the first outright appeal to abolish slavery in America. 

In Philadelphia, the first constitution in the colonies, the Charter of Liberties,
called for a unicameral legislature to set laws.  

1701 
Saybrook, CT - Congregational Church Rev.John Pierpont gained a charter for Collegiate School, which in 1718 was moved to New Haven, CT and renamed YALE College for merchant, Elihu Yale.

Captain William Kidd was hung at Execution Dock at the Thames River, London for murder, piracy and robbery on the high seas.

La Ville d'Etroit (Detroit- city of the strait) was settled for 102 by M. Cadillac.  

1702
Upon King William's death, Queen Anne took the throne.  The crown seized the government from the proprietors of East Jersey and West Jersey.  A Grand Alliance was formed to appose the teaming of France and Spain. 

1704 - Deerfield, MA was burned and Bonavista, Newfoundland was attacked  as battles took place in Queen Anne's War between the British and the French and Indians.

1705
A Massachusetts statute barred marriage between whites and blacks.  Virginia passed a similar act.

Williamsburg, Virginia was completed there as a new capital.  Restriction of Negroes was limited to the colony.  A new act bound all imported servants to lifelong bondage, unless they had been Christians in their native country.  All Indian slaves, Mulattos and Negroes were no longer "chattels," but now were considered "real estate" and were forbidden to hold military or civil office.

1706
California, named for the mythical warrior queen, Califia, was drawn on a Spanish map as part of the continent of North America.  It had previously been drawn as an island.  Colorado was claimed by Spain.  The Governor of New Mexico named the new town of Albuquerque after the Duke, and Viceroy of New Spain.  

Anglicanism became the established religion of South Carolina.

The first Presbytery in the colonies was founded in Philadelphia by Irish immigrant, Rev. Francis Makemie.

1707
"Great Britain" was created by an Act of Union.  Scotland's Parliament and Privy Council ceased to exist, and members were sent to London's House of Commons and House of Lords.  It was not expected that Scotland would have to accept the Anglican religion, but could remain mostly Presbyterian.

The British tried to capture French Acadia (Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland).  The French won a victory at St. John, Newfoundland, and they captured the eastern shore.   

Perception of unfair competition for jobs from Negro slaves led to the formation of a guild of mechanics at Philadelphia.

1709
The Quakers in Philadelphia established the first center for the treatment of mental illness in the colonies.

1710
Major Peter Schuyler of Albany, NY
escorted four sachems of the Iroquois Confederacy (with war paint, feather and headdresses) to plea before Queen Anne for military reinforcements to drive the French out of Canada.  Then they dined with William Penn, went to a cockfight, heard a sermon in London and attended a performance of Macbeth. 

1711
Parliment issued a ban on the cutting of trees in America.  The wood was to be reserved for the Royal Navy.  Sixty four British ships arrive carrying 5000 troops and 6000 seamen as preparations for advance upon Canada.  On July 30, nine British ships headed toward Quebec.  They got lost in fog off Egg Island where eight of the ships were blown upon the rocks.  British survivors and Admiral Walker escaped on the one remaining ship; there were nearly 1000 persons lost.  The French called this the "magnificent disaster."

1712
Quaker William Penn, son of Admiral Sir William Penn, was felled by a stroke.  His wife Hannah took over the duties of governing the Colony of Pennsylvania.  The colony was in payment of a debt between King Charles II and the Admiral.  Young Penn had invited Quakers from Wales, England, Holland and Switzerland.  He died in 1718.

1714
George I assumed the throne upon the death of Queen Anne.   

1733
Members of the Hanover Church left to form
WEST HANOVER (now Morris Town) -
The PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH in MORRISTOWN 
1st church   

The first meeting house was completed in 1740.  It was used as a hospital in 1777.  George Washington received communion with the congregation.  In 1790, a new meeting house was built.  (Pieces of the old church were used as a distillery).
 


The Morris Academy was built on land purchased from the church.  In 1809, the pastor's wife founded the Female Charitable Society (now The Family Service of Morris County).  

In 1816, The Morristown Green, (land donated by Dr. Lewis Condict) was deeded to a committee of private citizens to become a Common "forever." 
 
In 1841, a second church was built on South Street by 200 members who withdrew over political issues.  They would re-unite in 1925.  
A new church was erected in 1892.



 57 Park Place - Morristown at the Green

1736
PEQUANNOCK TWP.  
Pompton Plains             
DUTCH REFORMED 

1720
French orphans, prostitutes, thieves and murderers were brought by ship to Biloxi, New Orleans, and Mobile._

1728 and 1729
France began to send young females of good character from middle class families.  

Natchez Indians killed most settlers at Natchez and took the surviving women and children to be sold as slaves.

1738
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, MENDHAM 1 Hilltop Avenue Mendham.
The founder of the Black Horse Inn,  Ebenezar Byram, founded the church in a log cabin in the Ralston section of Mendham Township in 1738.  His son, Eliab, was the first recorded minister.  In 1745, Ebenezar and John Cary led in the relocation and construction of a church on the present site at 1 Hilltop Avenue which was used until 1816.  In October of 1776, during the British occupation of Long Island and New York,  the Presbytery of New York met in Hilltop sanctuary.  In the winter of 1777, Washington's army was camped two miles to the east at Jockey Hollow.  The church was pressed into service as a hospital for small pox inoculations and quarantine.  Thirty-seven soldiers died there and are buried in a common grave behind the church..  
A new house of worship was built on the site in 1817.  Lightning struck that structure in 1835 and the sanctuary was destroyed.  But it was soon rebuilt.  
In Civil Wars day, the large landowner Hilltop churchgoers (some slave owners and sympathizers with Southern slave owners), rejected the ardent abolitionist Rev. Theodore White.  Rev. White then established the Second Presbyterian Church of Mendham.  His manse was diagonally across from the First Church manse.  In February 1859, a faulty stove pipe set the Hilltop (First Church) Sanctuary on fire.  A replacement sanctuary was reconstructed in 1859-1860. The two Presbyterian churches coexisted in mutual distain for forty years, until about half of the Second Church congregation returned to First Church and the others became disgruntled Methodists - and Second Church was dismantled about 1900.  In 1957, renovations and additions took place to the (1836 manse) "Hilltop House" to serve as office and education purposes, in addition to new classroom and auditorium facilities.  

1739-1740
First Presbyterian Church Greenwich township Stewartsville
(Green's Ridge, Greenage and Greenwich)
It was constructed of logs about a mile from the present church.  The Rev. David Brainerd had been a missionary working with the Delawar Nation's tribe, the Lenni-Lenape.  The first installed pastor by the Presbytery of New Brunswick in 1864 was Rev, John Roseborough, who was killed by Hessian soldiers in Trenton on January 2, 1777. Nineteen Revolutionary War soldiers are buried in the cemetery, including General William Maxwell.
The old stone church was replaced by the a new structure in 1835. 

1739
First Presbyterian Church of Washington
A log meeting house at Mansfield was built near the burial ground at what is now Washington, NJ, before there was such a town.  The Presbytery of New Brunswick sent ministers to preach at "Mr. Edward Barber's" place in late 1738.  That region of the Musconetcong Valley near the King's Highway (near route 31) was received from the English King for the Bowley family.  A second log meeting house had been built before 1764, when Rev. John Roseborough was called by the Presbytery of New Brunswick.  (He was reported killed by Hessians in the Revolutionary war).  A stone church was erected at the crossroads in 1801. This is where the Presbytery of Newton was first formed on November 18, 1817.  In 1822, it was known as the Mansfield Presbyterian Church.  In 1840, a brick church was built within the young village of Washington.  The members split between the Musconetcong and Washington churches.  In1862, a tornado tore the roof off the church and on December 6, the church in Washington was completely engulfed in fire.  A new church was dedicated in 1864.

1730-1739
In 1734, rebellious slaves were accused of burning barns in New Jersey at Yellow Hook on the Hackensack River.  They were burned at the stake by "selected slaves".

1740-1744
Fifty slaves were hanged in South Carolina for planning insurrection.

Negro slaves and allied whites were accused of burning barns and other buildings in New York Town.  Eighteen were hanged, 11 burned and others were transported to Jamaica.  

In New Jersey, Quaker preacher, John Woolman, began teaching the evils of slavery.

1747    
Early settlers of BOTTLE HILL, now "MADISON," withdrew from the Hanover Church (Whippany) to become the PRESBYTERIAN Church of South Hanover.  In1748, they met at a meeting house on an acre given by Barnabas Carter, in what is now Madison. The old meeting house had attendance by Revolutionary War soldiers - the minister, Azariah Horton died of small pox.
In 1817, the church was renamed to "The First Presbyterian Church of the Township of Chatham."  and in 1845 to "The Presbyterian Church of Madison." 
19 Green Avenue  
Madison

1747
CHESTER
Congregational
Chester Borough

LONG VALLEY      
ZION LUTHERAN 
German Valley            


EVANGELICAL    
LUTHERAN           
part of Zion Lutheran 

1744-1748
KING GEORGE'S WAR

1745-1754
Indians and the French raided English settlements in what is now Maine.  This triggered "King George's War."

Many "to be famous schools" had been opened:  
Yale College, the College of NJ (Princeton), and the University of Pennsylvania.

1753
Postmaster General Benjamin Franklin published a paper stating that slavery was not as efficient as wage-labor as largely practiced in England.

Young Major George Washington traveled almost to what is now Erie, PA to present a French General with an ultimatum to leave the Ohio River Valley.  The order was from Virginia Governor Dinwiddie.  This was a tough trek.  

Washington almost died when he fell in a ice choked river.  He traveled with Christopher Gist and interpreter Jacob ' Braun - and an Indian sachem named half-king.  He was "shot at" along the way.

1754
A school for Indians was started (at Dartmouth) by Rev. Eleazar Weelock.

George Washington was appointed commander-in-chief of Virginia.

Then came England's
Stamp Act, Townsend Act
and the Tea Act
against America
to pay their war debts.

1763
First Presbyterian Church of Hacketstown (once known as Hardwick)
This was originally known as "The Yellow Church" and later as "The Church of Lower Hardwick."  There may have been an itinerant  Presbyterian ministry as early as 1739.  The original church was erected in 1764.  Two men were mortally injured in the building of the church, and they are the first two buried in the graveyard.  This old church was dismembered in 1819 and moved to Beattystown to become a barn.  The larger church was completed in 1823.  It later became the Fellowship Hall and Sunday school building.  Today, it serves as the Fellowship Hall and Community Mission Building.  The present sanctuary was built in 1863 across Main Street from the original church site.  In 1964, several Sunday school rooms, a parlor, and an office were added to the rear of the sanctuary section. 

1759
Martha Custis and George Washington were wed in Southern Virginia.  They would move to Mount Vernon.

Cherokee Indians in South Carolina agreed to a treaty in which guilty Indian raiders were turned over to the British.

About 1/3 of Georgia's population were Negro slaves.  

About 2/3 of all slaves were in the South.  

The overall slave population in North and South was over 375,000.

1760
Cherokee Indians in South Carolina attacked Fort Prince George in an attempt to free their negotiators.  The British killed the hostages.  In August, the Indians retaliated in brutal fashions.

1763
Ottawa Chief Pontiac led rebellious Indians in victories Fort Sandusky, Fort Ouiatenon, Fort Michilimackinac and the Battle of Bloody Ridge.  A British General Amherst proposed passing out smallpox infected blankets to the Indians.  Some were appalled by this move, some applauded.  

The Paxton Boys near Philadelphia began raiding and killing Indians in the east, who had nothing to do with the conflicts in the west. 

Sephardic Jews opened the Touro Synagogue in Newport, Rhode Island.

Ben Franklin's son, William Franklin, was appointed the last Royal Governor of New Jersey.

1764
Samuel Adams refused to allow a slave, except as a free woman, into his house. Somebody had offered his wife a gift of a slave woman.

1770 c.
ROCKAWAY
MT. HOPE
BAPTIST

1766
In New England, some schooling for boys was compulsory.  Most girls were tutored by their mothers in sewing and food preparation.  The Dutch established Queen's College in New Jersey (Rutgers).

1768
More Indian lands were acquired for future settlements from Indian tribes, such as, Iroquois, Creeks, and Cherokee Indians. 

1769
Thomas Jefferson proposed emancipation of the slaves.  This, his first legislative effort was not popular with other slave holders in the House of Burgess in Williamsburg, VA.  

He freed very few of his own slaves in later life.

1770
Thomas Jefferson proposed and the Assembly published his bill for Establishing Religious Freedom.

Virginia expanded their land by almost 9,000 square miles, in an agreement with Cherokee Indians.

Quaker, Moses Paterson, began teaching Negroes in Philadelphia in the tradition of earlier such schools began by Cotton Mather (1717) in Massachusetts,  and by Samuel Thomas in (1744) South Carolina.

1772
Many slaves died enroute across the Atlantic.  The ships were overcrowded.  Less than 2,000 were imported this year.  Many persons were beginning to ask that the "slave trade" be stopped.  They were not necessarily asking that the "ownership of slaves" should stop.

1774
George Washington signed the Fairfax Resolves, George Mason's document to the King, 
to end that "wicked, cruel and unnatural trade" -  
to stop importations of slaves into America.

In Georgia, slaves revolted and killed four whites.  The Negroes were burned to death.

1775 - 1783
- see Battles for Independence for much more detail for this period.

1775
Benjamin Rush and Benjamin Franklin, to oppose slavery, began the organization of: Relief for Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage.

For now, Congress barred Negroes from the Continental Army.

Margaret Corbin was severely wounded as she attended a cannon at Fort Washington on York Island (Manhattan).

In Morristown, NJ, baby Anna Symmes was born.  She would eventually be married to the first President Harrison.  Her grandson, Benjamin Harrison, would also become president of the USA after losing the "popular vote" and winning the "electoral vote".  His opponent, Cleveland, would become President (a second term) four years later, in 1892.

1776 
Declaration of Independence was signed, issued and sent to King George III.

1777
Sybil Luddington, the daughter of a militia Colonel, rode her father's horse "Star" from Fredericksville, NY for over 40 miles in the rain - via Carmel, Lake Mahopac, Tompkins Corners and Farmers Mills and Pecksville to warn that "the British were coming" after raiding supplies at nearby Danbury, CT.

George and Martha
spent the winter in
Morristown at the 
Jacob Arnold Tavern,
which would one day become "All Souls Hospital."

THE CHURCHES WERE USED AS HOSPITALS
for Small Pox inoculations._

1778
A "Molly Pitcher" (one of the women who helped bring water to fighting men), Mary Hays had the fringe of her petticoat ripped off from between her ankles by an enemy cannon ball, as she helped her husband fire a cannon at the Battle of Monmouth, NJ.

1779
Zebulon Pike was born in Lamberton, NJ.  When Lewis and Clark were sent to the northwest, he was sent to the north to attempt discovery of the headwaters of the Mississippi River.  Subsequently, he would be sent west to discover the headwaters of the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers.  He would be captured by the Spanish.  He would die a victorious hero in the "2nd War of Independence" at York, Canada (Toronto). 

He recognized 
the Methodists 
as a faith in NY,
etc._

Washington presided over 
the drafting of the CONSTITUTION OF 
"THE UNITED STATES."
 Thanks Tom Paine for the name!

1786 - 1787
First Presbyterian Church, Newton
Hardwick Church (now Yellow Frame)

Yellow Frame Presbyterian Church, Newton
About 1750, worshipers met about a mile north of Johnsonburg at "Dark Moon" in a log church.  They called themselves the First Presbyterian Church of Hardwick.  They formerly organized in 1763.  Their first pastor served from 1773 to1783.  During the Revolutionary War.  In 1785 and 1786, they built a new church high upon a ridge -with a tremendous view - and named it the Yellow Frame Church.  In 1787, Rev. John Witherspoon, President of the College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) preached the sermon and gave charge to Rev. Condict.  Witherspoon was the only clergy signer of The Declaration of Independence.  In 1887, the first building was replaced by a smaller Victorian style church.  

This statement may reference another Hardwick church: 
[Due to debt, the church was sold at auction and debts were paid by 1818.  In 1827 a new stone building replaced the earlier church.  In 1860, a manse was built and in 1869, the present church was built.  A new spire was added, for the 2,095 lb. bell, in 1988.] ???

1780
Women racehorse riders competed in "Ladies subscription races" at the Newmarket course at Hempstead Plains, Long Island, NY.

1783
Negress Deborah Sampson, also known as Robert Shirtliffe, was discharged from a Massachusetts regiment of the Continental Army.  She had served for three years as a soldier.  She had been wounded by both sword and gun.  George Washington discharged her with kind words and enough money to take her to a place where she might find a home.

1784
Gentlemen and Ladies' Country Magazine was first published in May.

1790  
Pleasant Grove Presbyterian Church
A log house ... then in 1806, a stone church replaced the log building.  In 1806, the Presbytery of New Brunswick said that Hackets Town and Pleasant Grove were vacant, but were able to support a minister as united congregations.  Rev. Joseph Campbell accepted the call in 1809, with 1/3 attention given to Pleasant Grove, until 1832, when he resigned  at Pleasant Grove to give full attention to Hackettstown. An Ionic style church was erected in 1857.   In 1860, Rev. Gilbert Lane was called as a joint pastor of Pleasant Grove and Second Mansfield (Rockport) Church.  In 1921, Rev. Paul Dickie was called to Pleasant Grove and Schooley's Mountain Presbyterian Church. A fire razed the 66 year edifice to the ground.  But it was rebuilt by 1925.  During WWII, in 1942-46, students from Princeton Seminary helped Rev. William Heilman Pleasant Grove, Schooley's Mountain and Long Valley Presbyterian churches.  Rev. Alvin McKinnon served from 1968 until retirement in 1989.  This church has reported to five different Presbyteries: New Brunswick 1807-17, Newton 1817-39, Raritan, 1839-57, Newton 1857-71, Morris and Orange 1871-1964 and Newton 1964-present.

DENVILLE TWP.
Methodist-Episcopal
Rockaway Valley

1787
Thomas Paine, who's philosophy and pen gave the revolution passionate justification, lived in Bordentown, NJ from 1783 to 1787.  A statue of him is in Burnham park at Morristown, NJ.  A small cottage, once  owned by him, is in a northern section of New Rochelle, NY.  There are also statues of him in Bordentown, NJ; Paris and London.

1792
"The Yorker's Stratagem", or "Banana's Wedding"  'stage play' had appearances of American Blacks.

Denmark became the first nation in Europe to abolish slavery.
_

1799
George Washington died of Quinsy at his home, Mount Vernon, VA.

1802
Martha Washington died at the age of 70.

 . .

The Louisiana Purchase - 1803

_

1804
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH of
BERKSHIRE VALLEY
A meeting House and school, the "Union Academy and Presbyterian Congregation of 'Buckshire Valley' " was built in 1804.  A new building was built in 1820, but razed by fire in 1825.  The present sanctuary was erected in 1827.  The church often shared pastors from nearby churches.

JEFFERSON TWP.
BERKSHIRE VALLEY 
PRESBYTERIAN ?

1807
Women suffrage was rescinded in Elizabeth, NJ.  It had been granted in 1800.

1813
German Valley was renamed to Long Valley in WWI when the local postmaster, Mr. Zeppelin suggested the change.
Long Valley Presbyterian Church
The Presbytery of New Brunswick was petitioned by the German Reformed congregations to become a Presbyterian church.  That was approved in 1813.  
There were meetings as early as 1746 in the log church in "German Valley."  It then housed both German Reformed and  Lutheran congregations in the Union Stone Church by 1774.   In the 1940s, William Hoppaugh and R. Elwin Matteson crawled under the church to excavate a basement below the church.  The finished basement could seat 100 persons.  The church was destroyed by fire in 1954.  A new Fellowship Hall was completed for Christmas in 1954.  The new sanctuary was completed in 1955.  Due to problems with building capacity in the early 1980s, the congregation voted to buy ten acres two miles to the east for a new church.
  

 1812-1815
 WAR OF 1812
 2ND WAR OF INDEPENDENCE

1818
NEW VERNON PRESBYTERIAN 
Lee's Hill Road, 
New Vernon
Harding Twp.

1818
OAK RIDGE 
PRESBYTERIAN

1814
Jane Barns, the first white woman settler  in Oregon Territory, arrived at Fort George.

1823
Stillwater Presbyterian Church
Rev. Benjamin Lowe became the first minister under the Presbytery of Newton.  The early story of this church begins in 1769 as a unit of Lutheran and Reformed  inspired by George Wintermute.  Their original fieldstone church was constructed in 1771.  The church was taken under the care of the Dutch Reformed  Classis of New Brunswick in 1816.  A new structure was dedicated in 1837.  Rev. T. B. Condit served there for 44 years.  In 1959, an adjoining Fellowship Hall was built with plans for a subsequent second floor.  It is said that the "underground railroad" may have used a tunnel between the old manse and the church. 

1821
Mrs. Emma Willard persisted by opening the Troy Female Seminary in Troy, NY.   The curriculum stressed history, mathematics and philosophy.

_

1826
MORRISTOWN
UNION BAPTIST
89 Spring St.

1826
MORRISTOWN
Methodist-Episcopal

1824
Women weavers were involved in a wage strike at Pawtucket, RI.

Hawaiian Queen Kaahumanu became Regent - until Kauikeaouli, her young brother, would become old enough to rule.

An Illinois vote defeated an attempt to establish slavery there.  Ohio debated colonization of slaves after emancipation.  A Missouri state law enabled slaves to sue for freedom.

The Bureau of Indian Affairs was created under the War Department.

Art:   Indians and ancestors      The Artist ... to order prints- [ link to his site changed to ??? ]

1827
MORRISTOWN
ST. PETER'S EPISCOPAL
South St. at Miller Road

The church had early beginnings before the 1760s.  No American educated  bishopics were begun before 1783.

The groundbreaking was in May of 1828, consecration was in December of 1828.  A heavy bell had been hung in the tower in 1832; George Macculloch was asked to see to renovation of the unsafe tower.

In April of 1852, Lt. C.R.P Rogers announced the proposed Church of the Redeemer, which began at the corner of Morris Avenue and Pine Street, but was in 1882 situated on property of the Mann house on South Street near DeHart Street, where St. Peter's had beginnings, too.


The cornerstone for the present St. Peter's Church was laid in November 1887 with the main construction  continuing into 1894.  The tower was built in 1907. 
 

1827
Freedom's Journal, the first Negro newspaper was published by Samuel Cornish and John Russworm in New York City.

Northwood, the first American anti-slavery novel was published by Sarah Hale.

Slavery in New York State was finally abolished and about 10,000 slaves were freed.

Salome Lincoln was the first American woman to begin a public lecture tour.

Franciscans were banished from the Arizona region.

1830
The Indian Removal Act was 
 Andrew Jackson.  This cruel law intended to provide the incitement - before the drive of Indians to the west.  It promised "perpetual title" to some lands west of the Mississippi River.

Even though Jackson adopted one Indian baby, he was known for his brutal suppression of the Chickashas, Choctaws and Creek Indians.  If his image is not replaced on the $20 bill, it will probably be because Jackson introduced a "direct" democratic" approach to the way we vote for the presidents.  Of course he also was known for the Battle of New Orleans.

Louis Godey published Lady's Book for women.

1831
Negro women in Philadelphia formed a Female Literary Society.  Even free Negroes are abused for picking up and reading The Liberator.

Peggy O'Neale Timberlake Eaton was not accepted in the circle of other wives of presidential cabinet members.  This cruel gossip led to a purge of most cabinet members by Jackson. 

_

1832
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, BOONTON 
( 1832 erected 1833 )
513 Birch Street  Boonton Town
There was early help from the Parsippany Presbyterian church and donations of land from the  New Jersey Iron Company.
The great  revivals of 1858 in New York led to increased membership, and a new building was built in 1860 and widened on both sides within a few years. 

BEATTYSTOWN PRESBYTERIAN  1832 a mission field for the Presbyterian Church of Hacketstown 

1832
CHATHAM
Methodist-Episcopal
460 Main Street

1832 
Thomas Nast satirized the topic of the spoils system by drawing President Jackson atop a pig above the label "TO THE VICTORS BELONG THE SPOILS."
Jackson vetoed a bill to extend the charter of the Bank of United States.
The New England Anti-Slavery was founded.  He was reelected  with 219 electoral votes versus Henry Clay's 49 (on the National Republican ticket).  Jackson chose Martin Van Buren as his vice-president. 
Recent improvements in agriculture and in industry increased the demand for slaves.  The issue for Secession from the Union by South Carolina was over the Tariff Acts of 1828 and of anti-slavery sentiments growing in the nation.  Jackson issued a proclamation to South Carolina, denouncing nullification of federal laws - and declared that disunion by armed force was treason - ships were sent to Charleston - and General Winfield Scott reinforced forts in South Carolina.  But Jackson planned to sign the Henry Clay compromise Tariff Act, tensions were to relax.  Jackson wrote, "Can anyone of common sense believe the absurdity that a state has a right to secede and destroy this union and the liberty of our country with it, or nullify the laws of the union; then is our Constitution a rope of sand? Under such, I could not live."

The Battle of Velasco in south Texas saw early bloodshed between Mexicans and Texans.
In New Orleans, about 5000 died from cholera, and in New York City another 2000 died from the same.  

1833 
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,
WHIPPANY
(planned in 1833, erected in 1834)
1833  HANOVER TWP
WHIPPANY  PRESBYTERIAN 

(The boss of the building committee, Elijah Hopping, also built an almost identical church building for the Hanover congregation In 1835).  The schism began when the Hanover church "new measure advocate" pastor, John J. Slocum sold psalm books in the church on the Sabbath. Forty members and the new pastor, Rev. William Newell, separated and established the new church at Whippany.  The Presbytery of Newark refused to ordain one of the pastors.  In 1833, there was a spectacular shower of meteors (Calvin Green, saw some of the "stars" falling near his own field. Post WWII, in 1951, a large church hall was added on the east side of the church, and in 1961, a modern Christian Education wing and offices were added to the west side of the church.  A fire severely damaged the chancel in 1961, but restoration was made  promptly.  But a few years later, a major flood of the Whippany River damaged the original foundation, sanctuary and basement facilities. Major structural and equipment refurbishing took place in the 1976-1982 period.

Early background -
In 1755, the Whippany congregation left the original meeting house at Whippany to create two new churches, one in Hanover with Pastor Jacob Green and the other church in Parsippany.
  
Earlier, families from Newark and Orange moved west across the "Newark Mountains" into the Whippany River valley, then occupied by the Lenni Lenape Indian tribe.  Schoolmaster, John Richards, from Newark deeded 3.5 acres between the north bank of the Whippany River and just south of the main road to Newark (now Route 10) for "a meeting house for the public worship of God.".  (Richards  died three months later and was the first to be buried there).  
The original shingled building had a cupola or spire and an outdoor stairway to the gallery.  The original foundation had been located a few yards from the road and just a few yards east of the entrance gate of the present cemetery   A sign near the roads marks this site.

The original meeting began in 1718 or 1719, possibly, with the the Congregational form under the influence of Yale educated Rev. Nathaniel  Hubbard, who served for 12 years and also ministered in Westfield, NJ. 

Harvard educated Jacob Green (b.1722 - d.1790 - had grown up in eastern Connecticut and in Massachusetts) was called from Elizabethtown, at age 23  in 1745, to Whippany and was ordained in 1746 (elders were first elected in 1747).  The first elders were elected in1747, indicating the new influence of the Presbytery.  Rev. Green  became preacher, teacher, doctor, proctor, miller and distiller. He was an early advocate of the abolition of slavery.  He backed the American separation from Britain, and he was involved in the writing of New Jersey's constitution.

1834
MOUNT OLIVE TWP
PRESBYTERIAN

1834, 1844
Beemersville 
Presbyterian Church of Sussex
Rev. Edward Allen served three Presbyterian churches - the Clove Church, Deckertown Church (now Sussex) and the Log Church.
In 1844, a beautiful stone Beemerville Church was erected.  A Congregational Church, the Beemer Church, which began in 1742, supplied new congregants to the new 1844 Beemerville Church.  Other records show that a "Mountain Congregation" met as early as 1818 at the foot of the mountain in the Union Meeting House, also known as the Log Church (built in 1804 by Baptists), serving the Presbyterian, Baptist and Congregational congregations. That log building was moved to Branchville in 1822, and was replaced with a frame building.  Rev. Allen became the supply minister of the Second Presbyterian Church of Wantage (Clove Church).

1833
MENDHAM
EPISCOPAL CHURCH
East Main Street
_

1833
Tyrone Power, the Irish actor arrived for his debut in America.
The Oberlin Collegiate Institute became the nation's first coeducational college.
Westport, Kansas (Kansas City) was planned for both sides of the Missouri River at the junction of the Platte River - to compete with St. Louis for trade.

American Texan settlers at San Felipe de Austin headed by Stephen F. Austin agreed to make Texas independent of the Mexican confederacy. 

John Deere invented a plow with a steel blade and moldboard  which is more fitting for the dense soils of the great plains.  Other plows for lighter soils were based upon a design by  Thomas Jefferson.  Samuel Colt developed a revolver.  Obed Hussey was granted a patent for a horse drawn grain reaper.
The US Treasury building burned.  The Second Bank of United States was denied government deposits in favor of funds going to state banks.  

John Quincy Adams in refusing to confer a honorary Harvard degree, asserted that Andrew Jackson was a barbarian who cannot write a sentence of grammar - can hardly spell his own name.  So much for civility!

Massachusetts became the last state to tax to support a state religion (the Congregational Church).   
James Madison became the President of the American Colonization Society advocating emigration of free Negroes.  

Philadelphia women, led by Lucretia Mott, formed the Female Anti-Slavery Society, since women of both races had not been admitted to the American Anti-Society. 

1834 
Slavery was abolished throughout the British Empire.  Race riots erupted in New Orleans on the news that a Madame Lalaurie had been torturing her slaves.  New York had eight days of rioting and destruction of buildings after a clash at an anti-slavery meeting.  In Philadelphia, thirty one houses and two Negro churches were destroyed when a mob of about 500 whites stormed the church related Negro amusement area.  After three nights of rioting, the mayor and sheriff's forces dispersed the rioters.  The citizens voted to reimburse for the damages done by the white mobs.  

The Whig party began after Henry Clay mentioned the English term, questioning the power of royalty, in his anti-Jackson speech.

Cyrus McCormick patented a grain reaper, eliminating the need for large numbers of workers at harvest time.

Samuel F. B. Morse claimed the presence of a papal conspiracy to overthrow the government of the United States. published Foreign Conspiracy Against the Liberties of the United States. 

Base or Goal Ball is a game played on a square field with four stones up to 20 yards apart.  If the "striker" misses the ball three times he is declared "out", if he hits the ball he runs around the bases clockwise.  This followed the publication of a book on the English game of "Rounders."   

1835
Began on the 2nd floor of a schoolhouse. 
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,  DOVER (known as the Hoagland "Memorial Church")
51 W. Blackwell Street  Dover
In 1842, the Rev. Burtis McGee was called as the first full time pastor.  They then built a little white church, which was moved in 1872 to the opposite corner.  The railroad ran "right under the windows."  The noise and danger of the coal-fired locomotives was a concern.
A new church was financed by Mr. Hudson Hoagland in remembrance of his wife, Martha.  That, present, church was erected in 1872 across from the little white church.

Publisher James Gordon Bennett launched a new penny newspaper, The New York Herald.  In 1834, he had launched the New York Tribune.  The newspapers will not cater to sensationalism nor cater to political parties. 

In Maine, they were having problems with drunk stagecoach drivers. 

The fifth National Negro convention supported discouraging the words African and colored in Negro vernacular.

William Lloyd Garrison was led through the streets of Boston by a pro-slavery mob outside a  meeting of the Female Anti-Slavery Society. 

Chief Osceola of the Seminole tribe instituted massacres against Major Dade and 108 soldiers to prevent removal of their tribe from Florida. 

The American Anti-Slavery Society published 75,000 tracts for mailing to the South and to southern slave owners 

The Liberty Bell cracked as it tolled at the funeral of Chief Justice John Marshall's funeral. 

The proclamation for the creation of the Republic of Texas was issued by Texas settlers declaring independence  from the dictatorship of Mexican President Santa Ana.  

1839, 1844 
First Presbyterian Church of Sussex
(then known as Deckertown)
The Third Presbyterian Church of Wantage was formed by the Newark Presbytery.  The first members worshipped in a frame building used as a school and by other denominations.  In 1844, the original part of the present building was erected  and enlarged in 1876 and in 1892, 1920s, 1950s, 196os and the reconstruction of the steeple in 1987.  For many years, the manse was at 49 Bank Street, but in 1962 the Dunning  House next to the church was given for use as the manse.

Blairstown (Gravel Hill) roots 1836
1839 - 1840 Yoked to Knowlton until 1854..  
BLAIRSTOWN PRESBYTERIAN 
John I. Blair donated the money for the Blair Academy in 1848.  A new church was built in 1872.
Mr. Blair donated a Jardine, hand pump, organ in 1843, and a water driven motor was used in the warm weather.  Electricity was installed in 1901 and 1902.  An elevator and ramp for the handicapped were built in 1987

1835-1836 Nathaniel Currier, age 22 published his first print.  In 1852, James Ives joined the firm and became a partner in 1857.

1836
The Seige of the Alamo:  
The Alamo falls with all 187 defenders killed.  
Art: San Antonio, TX  The Artist ..
Eyewitness Susanna Dickinson and other women took cover in the sacristy - as over 180 men defended as the Battle of the Alamo took place. 

General Sam Houston led Texans into battle near Galveston Bay by the  San Jacinto River - defeating Mexican General Santa Ana, who had previously placed about 300 Texan troops before a firing squads.  General Santa Ana signed a surrender of his forces and acknowledged Texas 
independence.  The heavy drinker, General Sam Houston, who  had been Governor of Tennessee, was now elected the first President of the Republic of Texas.  He had lived for a time with American Indians.  

A small rebel force of about 150 took over the capital of Monterey, California proclaimed California's freedom from Mexico and sent the Mexican Governor back to Mexico.

The Mexican army crushed protesters (in New Mexico) over increased taxes from Mexico.

The New York City's Women's Anti-Slavery Society strangely banned Negro Membership.

The American Temperance Union was organized in Boston.

Narcissa Whitman and Eliza Spalding, wives of Reverend Marcus Whitman and Reverend H. Spalding were the first white women to travel overland to Oregon.  Eliza suffered most; she had been thrown from her horse, which had disturbed a wasp nest.  The horse dragged her as she hung from the saddle's stirrup.  She was then run over by a mule team.

McGuffey's new reading primer came into popular use.  Wm. Holmes McGuffey was president of Cincinnati College.

Martin Van Buren was elected President.

1837
President Jackson's farewell address pleaded for loyalty to the union and condemnation of monopolies.

Mary Lyon raised funds for the new Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in South Hadley, MA.

The slavery free territory of Michigan became a state.  This was after delay caused by debates of southern congressmen, who insisted that a slave state would have to enter the union at the same time.  Arkansas was the slave state, admitted in 1836.  

Congress raised the number of Supreme Court justices from six to nine.

There was a financial panic.  New Yorkers destroyed flour warehouses, protesting high food prices and high rents.

Samuel F. B. Morse asked for a patent for his working model of a "telegraph."

1838
Philadelphia's Quaker minister Lucretia Mott, and South Carolina's Sarah and Angelina Grimke - continued their abolition assertions, even after the burning of the meeting house for The Female Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia.

Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio became the first college to allow entry of women and men on an equal basis.

A network of private homes and hideaways, known as the Underground Railway, had been set up to help runaway slaves to safety.  Robert Purvis was named president of the group.

Almost 20,000 Cherokees including complete families are driven from Georgia and the Carolinas to west of the Mississippi.  The Indians termed this journey "The Trail of Tears." 

Alfred Vail of Morristown devised the telegraphic code since known as the Morse Code.  Samuel F. B. Morse had been using numbers words that had to be translated from a huge book. The Vail-Morse code will help settle the Wes and win future wars.

The British Trans-Atlantic steam driven ship, the Great Western, began crossing the ocean in 16 days.  An earlier such ship, The Savannah, had been completed by Stephen Vail of Speedwell Village at Morristown, NJ and had sailed and steamed to England and to Russia.

Mormon founder Joseph Smith traveled west with his followers.  They settle in Missouri.  The Mormons are driven from Missouri into Illinois in the "Mormon Wars."

The Federal Government funded the first Pacific Ocean and the South Seas exploration - under Lieutenant Wilkes.

1839
The Liberty Party nominated abolitionists James Birney for President and Thomas Earle for Vice President.

Abner Doubleday, a 20 year old cadet from West Point wrote a description and rule book for baseball. 

 
1841  - 1925
2ND CHURCH 
MORRISTOWN
   65 South Street 
   Morristown
The 1841 wooden Second Presbyterian Church of Morristown burned in 1877.  Their congregation moved into the replacement stone church in1878 (now the Parish House of the First Presbyterian Church of Morristown).  They founded the Market Street Mission and The Italian Mission (now Neighborhood House).  The two churches would re-unite in 1925.

John Sutter bought Fort Ross, ending Russian occupation of California.

Samuel F. B Morse, a visitor to Speedwell Village, patented the Telegraph.

A uniform National Bankruptcy Law was enacted allowing voluntary declaration of bankruptcy.

1747  MADISON   
Early settlers of
BOTTLE HILL now 
MADISON withdrew from the Hanover Church (Whippany) to become the PRESBYTERIAN Church of South Hanover. In 1748, they met at a meeting house on an acre given by Barnabas Carter, in what is now Madison. The old meeting house had attendance by Revolutionary War soldiers - the minister, Azariah Horton died of small pox.
In 1817, the church was renamed to 
"The First Presbyterian Church of the Township of Chatham."  and in 
1845 to "The Presbyterian Church of Madison." 
19 Green Avenue  
Madison
_

1844
MADISON
FIRST BAPTIST
203 Green 
Ave.

1844
MADISON.
Methodist-Episcopal

1844
MADISON 
A.M.E.
AFRICAN
METHODIST-EPISCOPAL

1844
MADISON
GRACE CHURCH
EPISCOPAL
4 Madison Avenue_

1842 John C. Fremont (to become the first candidate for president under the future Republican Party) began to explore the Rocky Mountains and California.

The ruthless invading Mexican army committed the "Dawson Massacre" at San Antonio.  The Texas capital was temporarily moved from Austin to Washington-on-the-Brazo.

Reformer Charles Dickens (age 30) and wife were welcomed in New York.  He urged international copyright laws and he denounced slavery.

1843 Dorothea Dix wrote an appeal saying that there only eight insane asylums in the country.  These were in deplorable condition where patients were chained, naked and beaten with rods.  They were living in cells, closets, stalls, cellars, stalls and pens.

Isabella Van Wagener, calls herself Sojourner Truth.  She had been a slave for most of her 46 years, and had seen most of her 13 children sold into slavery.  She offered her services as a speaker spreading the Gospel at camp meetings and speaking against slavery.

B'nai B'rith Society was founded.

Joseph Smith at Nauvoo, Ill. claimed a revelation from God in favor of plural marriage.

Nashville, Tennessee became the state capital.

The Mexican president, Santa Ana warns that annexation of Texas would be considered an act of war.

1844  Joseph Smith became a candidate for President of the United States.  He was arrested when the rival Mormon newspaper, which apposed polygamy, was burned.  In June, a mob burst into the jail at Carthage, Ill. and murdered Joseph and his brother. Brigham Young was chosen to succeed as leader of the Mormon Church.   

James K. Polk and George Dallas were elected as president and vice-president using a latitude slogan of "54-40 or Fight" for Oregon's northern border.  Britain opposed this plan. 

The Baptist religion began a split over the slavery issue.

Fine artist and photographer Samuel F.B. Morse sent the telegraph message "What hath God wrought!" from Washington, DC to Baltimore.  He had worked with the Vail family of Speedwell Village at Morristown to develop the invention.  And he had tenaciously lobbied the government to gain $30,000 for construction of the line between DC and Baltimore.   

1845
Lydia Marie Child of the Broadway Journal  favorably reviewed the book Women in the Nineteenth Century.  It suggested that women seek fulfillment outside of marital roles.

      

1847
RANDOLPH TWP 
ST. MARY'S           
R. CATHOLIC        
  

1849
DOVER
ST. JOHN'S PARISH
EPISCOPAL
11 South Bergen

Inequalities were outlined :  ... no voice in laws ... divorce and separation laws favor men ... most colleges are closed to women ... many church affairs exclude women ... women are not allowed to vote ... her wages are not her own  ...

1852
MT. OLIVE TWP.
FLANDERS 
PRESBYTERIAN
7 Main Street  Flanders_

1850 c.
ROXBURY TWP.
JAMES CHAPEL
Methodist-Episcopal

1852
MORRISTOWN
Episcopal
CHURCH OF THE REEDEMER
26 South Street_

1852
ROCKAWAY
METHODIST and GREENVILLE

1852
DOVER
PROTESTANT
EPISCOPAL_

1852
SUCCASUNNA
METHODIST

1850
Susan B. Anthony met Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Frederick Douglas for the first time at Rochester, NY.

Oregon City, OR saw the hanging of five Cayuse Indians for the "Whitman Massacre".

1851
Uncle Tom's Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe began running as a serial story in the Anti-slavery newspaper National Era.

Sojourner Truth, a freed slave at age 30, gave a passionate speech at the Second Women's Rights Convention at Akron, Ohio,  "I could work as much and eat as much as any man and bear the lash as well, and ain't I a woman!?",  

1852
Sojourner Truth gained acceptance as a woman and as a black person as she campaigned around Ohio against the evils of slavery and the need for women's rights. She spoke against the more subtle discriminations also seen in the so-called "free states" to try to rid the north of persecution against Negroes and discrimination against women.

1853
JEFFERSON TWP.
HURDTOWN
UNITED METHODIST

1853
MENDHAM 
ST> JOSEPH'S 
ROMAN CATHOLIC 
8 West Main Street Mendham 

1854 -1920
HARDING TWP.
METHODIST
Village Road
New Vernon

1854
Over 120 women postal workers made "equal pay" with men.

A group of abolitionists freed a slave, Joshus Glover, from jail and helped him escape to Canada.  

In Wisconsin, the Supreme Court judged that the Fugitive Slave Law was not applicable. 

1857 - 1858 
The First Presbyterian church of Bloomsbury
Members from the Old Greenwich Presbyterian Church held services in the schoolhouse in Jugtown, while their new church was being erected - in 1858.  The manse dates to 1927, and a new education building to 1966.    

1857 etc.

1835-1836 Nathaniel Currier, age 22 published his first print.  In 1852, James Ives joined the firm and became a partner in 1857, and it became Currier & Ives.  Most of their prints would be published in the 1850s -1870s.

Harriet Ross Tubman escaped slavery to above the Mason-Dixon line.  She returned many times to show her relatives - and then many other slaves - the escape routes to the North.  She came to be known as "the Black Moses."  She helped about 300 to escape slavery.

1859
Susan B. Anthony asked the Ninth National Women's Rights Convention, "Where under the Declaration of Independence, does the Saxon man get his power to deprive all women and Negroes of their inalienable rights?"

In Charleston, VA (later W.VA), John Brown, who had been captured by Captain Robert E. Lee, was hanged for being guilty of treason, murder and insurrection at Harper's Ferry. 

1863
Oxford Second Presbyterian Church
The first little stone chapel had services conducted by the pastor of the Oxford First Church.  The present brick church was dedicated in 1866.

1860 
BOONTON
ST. JOHN'S
PROTESTANT
EPISCOPAL
224 Comelia Street

1861
Dorthea Dix, reformer of mental health hospitals, was appointed by the Surgeon General as superintendent of women nurses.

Art:       Lincoln alone  The Artist ... Ken Turner ... to order prints- [ link to his site changed to ??? ]

Many churches were split
North and South and within  
both North and South . . .

Abraham Lincoln hoped 
 to "Bind the Wounds."

1866
Congress overrode President Andrew Johnson's veto of a Civil Rights Act giving citizenship to male persons of all races and color born in the United States - including Negroes and Taxed Indians.  This allows: 
    rights to hold property, 
    make contracts, and 
    testify in court.  
Those Citizens are subject to all responsibilities of law, including the penalties.  This does not address the subject of women's rights.

Nathan B. Forrest, who founded the Ku Klux Klan in 1865, reported the popular spread of his organization of Confederate veterans from Tennessee to Texas.  (It is said that there are now more monuments to him in Tennessee than other states have of our founding fathers.  One was recently erected south of Nashville).  

In May 1866, drunken whites and some Memphis policemen attacked the black population of Memphis.  Many Negro churches and schools were burned and over 40 persons were killed.

Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton ran for Congress in New York, even though she could not vote for herself.

Lucretia Mott, age 73, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, were elected as acting president and vice president of the American Equal Rights Association to strive for voting rights for women and blacks.

Red Cloud, chief of the Oglala Sioux, killed about 80 soldiers at Fort Phil Kearney in Idaho Territory for military encroachments upon treaty lands.

1869
MENDHAM
ST. MARK'S 
EPISCOPAL
9 East Main Street

1868
The journal, The Revolution, was published by Susan B. Anthony with Elizabeth Cady Stanton as editor.  It was initially financed by Mr. George Train (about $600).

From Kansas to Texas, several hundred Indians went on the warpath attacking stage coaches and wagon trains, killing and wounding American settlers.  They carried off over 400 women and children to captivity.

General Phil Sheridan planned Colonel George Custer's Seventh Cavalry battle, at Washita, Indian Territory, near the Texas Panhandle.  The surprise attack left about 20 American soldiers dead, including one of Alexander Hamilton's grandsons.  Hundreds of Indian braves, women and children were also killed, including Chief Black Kettle and his wife.  Almost 1000 Indian horses were shot, too.    

1869
The National Convention of Colored Men was established by Frederick Douglass with the intention to push for voting rights for Negro men and decent education for former slaves.

Wyoming Territory gave women the right to vote; this right would be incorporated into the local constitution, when Wyoming became a state.

A schism within the equal rights movement took place:

Mrs. Lucy Stone of New Jersey headed 
The American Women Suffrage Association, which allowed members of both sexes.  

The National Woman Suffrage Association, headed by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, would be for women only.

The problem had arisen when the original association had backed the 15th Amendment to the Constitution, which allowed male Negroes the vote.  The schism came from the fact that some Negro men had then pushed for only Negro voting rights, while seeming to place the issue of women's voting rights on the back burner.

1870
WASHINGTON TWP.
SCHOOLEY'S 
MOUNTAIN
PRESBYTERIAN
A little stone chapel known as "The Schooley's Mountain Union Evangelical Church" was erected in 1825 for up to 200 persons with guest speakers from 4 denominations.  An upper floor was used as a school.
In 1870, the present church was built.  The church was organized as Presbyterian by the (then) Presbytery of Morris and Orange.  Over the years the church has been a yoked pastorate with Mt. Olive, Beattystown, German Valley and Pleasant Grove._

1870
ROCKAWAY
METHODIST
Mt. Hope Iron Mining Co.

1870
It was ruled that a black child could not attend a white school - in a California court ruling.

The first Negro to be seated in the Senate, taking the place of Confederate Pres. Jefferson Davis, was Mississippian Rev. Hiram Revels.

The first Negro to be seated in the House of Representatives was South Carolinian Joseph H. Rainey.

The first American woman to cast a legal vote, along with about 1000 other women, was Mrs. Louisa Swain of Laramie, Wyoming.

Apache Chief Cochise finally surrendered in Arizona Indian Territory to General George Crook.

1871
Victoria Woodhull was nominated for president and Frederick Douglass was nominated to run for vice-president, by the Equal Rights Party (Douglass declined).   

Morristown's cartoonist, Thomas Nast, published cartoons which accused Victoria Woodhull of advocating "free love."

Members of the Mississippi KKK forced a white teacher of black students, Sarah A. Allen, to leave her school.  Subsequently, Congress passed a bill allowing the president to enforce the 14th Amendment;  this "force act" was one of a series of anti- "Ku Klux Klan" acts.

After a Los Angeles policeman was killed, a mob of several hundred killed 19 Chinese.   Fleeing Chinese were lynched along the streets near Arcadia Street and Los Angeles Street.

Under a Indians Appropriations Bill, all Indians would be treated as "wards of the state"; Indian lands could be arbitrarily shrunk or expanded by the new "agreements", which substitute for Treaty agreements.

1872
CHATHAM ST. PATRICK'S       
R. CATHOLIC  
85 Washington Ave.

1872
The first American woman to graduate from law school was Charlotte E. Ray.  She also became America's first Negro woman attorney.

1873
ROXBURY 
TWP.
DRAKESVILLE
BAPTIST_

General E. Canby and nine soldiers were killed at Tule Lake, California - and others soldiers were wounded by Modoc Indian Chief Captain Jack and his people.  The soldiers had tried to force the Indians from northern California back to a Klamath, Oregon reservation.

Rosa Parks? No! 
Lizzie Jennings was arrested for taking a public transportation seat in New York City - in the "white section" of that public transportation.  She won her subsequent law suit (Chester Arthur's law firm) for $500.  However, because she was black, she received $250 (or did the law firm receive the balance?); but public transportation was then officially integrated in New York.  

1874
MORRIS PLAINS
Presbyterian Group
2nd floor 
of Schoolhouse 
at Irondale Rd and 
West Hanover Ave.
   
  Frame Schoolhouse built 1866 on old stone foundation - 
                   now remodeled for apartments.

1874
MINE HILL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, DOVER - Welsh and English mining families. 
In 1849, a Sunday school met in the old public schoolhouse.  It was restarted in 1856 with help from the Memorial Presbyterian Church of Dover, with regular Sunday evening prayer services. The church was organized in 1874 by the Presbytery of Morris and Orange.  In 1879, a white frame church was built.  It burned in 1925, and in 1931, the present sanctuary was built.

1874
MOUNT PLEASANT
WELSH PRESBYTERIAN of ROCHARD'S MINE ...

1874
MINE HILL TWP. 
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN
213 U.S. Hwy. 46

1874
Massachusetts passed a law to limit the number of work hours to ten per day for women and children.

Indian Cliff dwellings, Mesa Verde, were discovered by W. Jackson in Southwest Colorado (then Kansas Territory).

Apache Chief Cochise died.  
Back in 1861, he had witnessed the execution of five Indian chiefs.  He had led a couple hundred Apaches in actions against the military in Arizona Territory;  he was captured in 1871.

Supporters of Queen Emma,  the widow of Hawaiian King Kamehameha IV, rioted, when the legislature elected Prince David Kalakaua as successor instead.

A Mississippi Negris, Blanche K. Bruce was elected to the Senate.

1875
ROCKAWAY     
ST. PATRICK'S 
R. CATHOLIC  
CHURCH OF     
HIBERNIA         

1875
Sioux Chief Red Cloud was firm in defense of the prior treaties.  He would not give up land - or concessions to gold prospectors.  To protect his hallowed ground, he would use force to defend the land treaty, if necessary.

The name of an Irish widow, anti-landlord agitator, Molly Malone, was taken by Pennsylvania miners.  The group protested management's:  anti-Catholic sentiments, company store abuses, health threatening work conditions, and poor pay.

1876
ST. CECILIA'S 
R. CATHOLIC  
CHURCH           
of ROCKAWAY 

1876
Colonel George Custer and his troops made their last stand at the Battle of Little Big Horn, Dakota Territory.   He had anticipated a few Indians, but his less than 300 troops would face almost 3000 Indians.  Chief Sitting Bull had "foretold" the results of the battle.  Ogala Chief Crazy Horse was in the heat of the fight.  Reno was nearby, but he survived to face legal action.
A couple of months later, Chief Crazy Horses' braves held General George Crook to a standoff at the Battle at Slim Buttes, Dakota Territory.

 

1877
THE PRESBYTERIAN 
CHURCH OF 
MORRIS PLAINS
was at Burnham Road
at West Hanover  

Click to these web sites ! 
Morris Plains Presbyterian Church 
on Speedwell Avenue  

Morris Plains Presbyterian
YOUTH Connection !

"The Lord is my shepherd" stained glass window installed in 1904 was transferred from the original 1877 church building - as is the bell in front of the newer 1976 building.

  1877 - 1958 -

        today !
Sally Rushmore has been the church historian.  Much of the below is a salute to her and others within the church.

The Presbyterian congregation has supported Christian Education, Missions and local causes since the 1830's, when Mrs. Isaac Canfield started a Sunday School in an old stone school house on West Hanover Avenue near the present Lake Valley Road.  Weekly prayer meetings were held there too.  Ministers from the Morristown Presbyterian Church ( ... ) would come to lead the services, once a month.

After the American Civil War, In 1868, Mr. Frederick Burnham organized a Sunday School, which met in the upper room of the frame school house, just to the east, on West Hanover Avenue at Irondale Road (this building has been remodeled in recent years and has become and apartment building).  About 1870, Dr. Oliver Crane returned from his missionary service in Syria; he gave his preaching services to the people of the plains "with good results"!  

A committee of the Presbytery officially organized the church on May 10, 1874 with 24 members uniting by letter from other churches, and another 11 members by examination and first communion.  Known early names within that membership are: 
       Mr. & Mrs. Jesse Pierson and son, Charles 
   -  by letter from Old South St Presbyterian
          church in Morristown
   Edward C. Harris (moved from 
          Nyack, NY) -  chosen an elder ...
    Nehemiah H. Johnson - chosen an elder ...

Reverend Robert S. Feagles (stated supply) from Walnut Grove, now Mount Freedom, was appointed by the Presbytery to preach "on the Plains" once on Sundays and another service during the week. The members  met in the upper room of that school building at West Hanover Avenue at Irondale Road.

Two and a half years later, November 27, 1876, the religious society was incorporated under the name of "The Presbyterian Church of Morris Plains, New Jersey."

Reverend Mr. Gardner served during 1875 and 1876.

Merry Christmas!  On Christmas day 1876, (Mr. Frederick Burnham? or) Mr. Gordon Burnham deeded a tract of land at the corner of West Hanover Avenue and, now, Burnham Road (the present site of the Fairchild Fire House) to "The Presbyterian Church of Morris Plains."  

               *******************************

In 1877, the men of the church completed construction of this little church.  Below is a copy of the beautifully detailed hand-colored watercolor of the original plan-print for the Union Church of Morris Plains, NJ - the Presbyterian Church of Morris Plains.

It was designed by A. B. Jennings, Architect, New York and depicted in the American Architect and Building News, January 27, 1877
This information was described on eBay by G. R. Goodman Bookseller, 232 South Main Street, Stillwater. MN   55052 
        
The finely detailed print measures 8.75 inches by 6.75 inches.  It has a mat with 2 inch border and has a foam core backing to measure overall 10.75 inches by 10.25 inches.  (Purchased from eBay as  Item  7359927229  October 2005 ).
 
Architect Jennings also designed many buildings, including this "Country House" and many churches. (Google)

Reverend James W. Hillman served during 1876 through part of 1878.

Reverend Robert S. Feagles served again during 1878 and 1881.

Reverend W. J. Wright served (stated supply) during 1882 through 1883.

Reverend William W. Halloway served about eight years from 1884 through 1892.

Reverend William Fryling (stated supply) served about eight years of panic, economic depression and the Spanish American War - from 1893 through 1901.

Reverend Walter W. Hammond (stated supply) served about fourteen years from 1902 through 1916.

The window depicting "The Good Shepherd" was given as a memorial to Elder Jacob Harrison Lindabury on Christmas Day 1904.

A church parlor was added in 1905.  

Continued - see 1912 for "the move"

1877

Rutherford B. Hayes did not win the popular vote against Samuel J. Tilden even after accusations of related political murders and ballot box stuffing in Virginia, Texas, Louisiana and South Carolina.   But after the electoral college count was in favor of Tilden by 185 to 165 (1 short of a Tilden victory), candidate Hayes was declared winner by a Republican dominated special commission of five supreme court members, five senators, and five representatives.  They gave all 20 of the contested votes and victory to Hayes.  Hayes supporters had promised removal of federal troops from the South to end "Reconstruction."   These decisions ended Reconstruction in the South.  (That region's influence subsequently dominated the Congress and the Supreme Court for almost a century).

Cornelius Vanderbilt passed leaving to his son and grandsons 100 million dollars from his ferry, shipping and railroad enterprises.

Brigham Young, Mormon leader, passed away.

A new law increased the homestead allotment of dry land from 160 acres to 640 acres, offered at 25 cents per acre, where irrigation is provided.

10 Molly McGuire members miners were hanged for murder  in eastern Pennsylvania  after James McParlin, railroad detective, testified against them.

Augustus Saint-Gaudens and friends founded The Society of American Artists.  The first Westminster Dog Show was held in New York City. 

Chief Crazy Horse had promised to live in peace before surrendering in Nebraska to General George Crook.  He entered the camp proudly "standing tall" with 800 braves singing war songs, with faces decorated in war-paint, and with weapons.   He wore a feathered headdress.

Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce Tribe of Oregon, surrendered in Montana to avoid starvation and death from the weather - after his people had fled for thousands of miles.  He had defeated the army at Bird Canyon, Idaho and Big Hole River, Montana.

A patent for the Phonograph was sought by Thomas A. Edison.  John Kreusi and Thomas recorded and played back the first verse of Mary had a Little Lamb.  Fame!  Tom was invited to the White House.

The Bell Telephone Company was incorporated by Alexander Graham Bell with 5000 public shares.  Tom Watson was the only employee.  Alexander gave his wife, Mabel Bell (Ma Bell?) 1,497 shares to be the largest shareholder..  
A couple of months later, the first outdoor telephone transmission occurred.

Charles Hires began mailing a 25 cent packet to make 5 gallons of Root Beer, made of birch bark, sarsaparilla, spikenard and hop, which he had first concocted on his honeymoon in 1870. 

The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 with the Northern Plains Indians was broken in 1875 by the US - to make it legal to mine in the Black Hills of Dakota Territory.   The Homestake gold lode discovery launched a gold rush to the territory.

The wide grinning 25 year old Sam Bass of Denton, Texas, and his band, robbed a Union Pacific train in Big Spring, Nebraska of $60,000. 

Wesley Hardin, the 24 year old killer of 40 men, was captured in a raging gunfight in Pensacola, Florida.  He was sentenced to 25 years at Texas State Prison in Huntsville, TX.

A strike against railroads across the nation began after wages were cut on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad..  

Bat Masterson was elected sheriff of Dodge City, Kansas.

1878
After 20 years out of power, the Democratic Party regained control of both houses of Congress.  

About 40,000 ex-slaves move to Kansas.  

The Spanish began to destroy tobacco plantations, and many rebellious Cubans came to Florida.

Segregation on steamboats and railroad cars was allowed by the Supreme Court in the case of Hall v. De Cuir.  This new federal judgment for interstate commerce overrides contrary state laws.

Bawdy, hard drinking show girl, Martha "Calamity" Jane Cannary, had gone to the Black Hills of Dakota disguised as a man.  She claimed to have been involved with 1300 men in tracking Indians with General George Crook.  But with the 1878 small-pox epidemic in the Dakotas, she began devoting herself to nursing of the small-pox victims.

Richard Pratt set up an Indian branch at Virginia's Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute.

1879
The Carlisle Indian School was then set up by Richard Pratt at Carlisle, PA.   He had fought Kiowa and Cheyenne Indians.  
The plan was to teach grammar courses and the English language for Indian-assimilation into the general white society.

Yellowstone National Park was designated the first National park.

Mary Baker Eddy organized the Church of Christ, with emphasis on  the element of "healing."

President Hayes approved a bill to allow female lawyers to practice before the Supreme Court, if they had similar experience at the state level.

Boston passed the first factory-and-public-building safety inspection law.

About 1500 Negroes were stranded after a threat by some southern whites to sink all Mississippi River boats which allow Negroes aboard.

In mid-year, Captain Reube Bernard set out after the so-called "Sheepeater Indians" of Idaho.  The Indians had raided villages and stole horses.

In the Fall, Major Edward Farrow captured almost 400 Indians in Idaho - as a last action against Indians in the Pacific Northwest.

1881-1882
Saint Virgil's
MORRIS PLAINS
Father Joseph M. Flynn of Morristown's Assumption church had his curate, Father Isaac Patrick Whelan, say the first Catholic Mass on Christmas day 1881 for several Irish American families at the Andrew J. Murphy home at Willisonville near the State (Greystone) Asylum on West Hanover Avenue and near the County Houses on the hill.   
Father Flynn purchased an acre at 48 West Hanover Avenue, and pitched a tent on that site for the planned church to hold services.  Father James Joseph Brennan said his first Mass on July 23, 1882 and the first Mass under the tent on August 6, 1882 - and throughout the summer. 
In the winter, they arranged to say weekly Mass in the (1966) Frame Hanover Avenue school at the corner of Irondale Avenue. 


Father Flynn laid the cornerstone for the 30ft by 50 ft. church on October 15, 1882.  And on Christmas 1882, Father Brennan celebrated a mid-morning mass in the half completed church.
1883
ST. VIRGIL'S CHURCH
MORRIS PLAINS
The parish was incorporated on January 25, 1883 with Father Brennan as pastor and Trustees Glennon and John Coleman, the Grand Uncle of the present-day town historian, Dan Meyers.  The first church building was completed and dedicated on December 6, 1883.  Father Brennan moved from Whippany to his new house at 63 West Hanover, and he began buying lots on both sides of Conklin SL (now Maple Ave.) and on both sides of Grattan Street (now Concord Place) near Stiles Avenue. He encouraged Irish Catholics to move to the lots.  Lots at the corner of Speedwell Avenue and West Hanover Avenue were purchased on December 20, 1886 and the church was moved to the present location at the "five points" in August of 1888.

1880
Horace Mann of Massachusetts had promoted public education, which has increased the literacy rate.  

Martha Carey, who had received much of her education Cornell University, found it necessary to go overseas for courses toward her Ph.D.

Many immigrants were arriving from Britain, Germany and Scandinavia.  However, a new trend toward more arriving from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe has become apparent.

John Philip Sousa was appointed head conductor of the Marine Band.   A few cities began to install electric lights.  Sarah Bernhardt made her debut on 23rd Street near "Broadway."  A New York muffin was named an "English Muffin."

Mississippi Republican Senator Blanche K. Bruce became the first Negro to head a major political convention.

Belva Lockwood, who had become the first woman to practice before the Supreme Court, filed a petition to allow Samuel R. Lowery, president of the Industrial School for Colored People, to become the fifth Negro lawyer to practice before the Supreme Court.

In Tenafly, NJ, Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony attempted to vote in a national election and were denied the vote, again.

A major gold strike near Juneau, Alaska was announced. 

Immigrant labor from China was limited by modifying the Burlingame Treaty with China.

1881
Clara Barton had published information about the neutral International Red Cross of Geneva.  Over 10 countries have agreed to honor the Red Cross flag, symbolizing humane care of medical services.

Kate Shelby heard a bridge collapse and found a train engineer near the river just east of Des Moines, Iowa.  Kate crawled on hands and knees across parts of the fallen bridge and ran in the rain and wind for a mile and a half to a telegraph office in Moingona, Iowa to save the next train.  It was stopped before reaching the fallen bridge!

On July 2, President James Garfield was shot in the back and the arm - at the Washington, DC train station - by Charles J. Guiteau, a conservative (Stalwart) Republican, and an unstable and unhappy New York office seeker.  President Garfield died at Elberon, NJ near the New Jersey shore, in September.

The poet and storyteller Helen Hunt Jackson researched at the Astor Library in New York.  She published A Century of Dishonor, which focused on the abuses of American Indians by the United States government.

A "Jim Crow" law for segregated, "separate but equal", first class cars was passed in Tennessee.

Booker T. Washington, from Virginia's Hampton Institute, opened his Tuskegee Institute to advocate industrial education for Negroes.

Warrior Sioux Chief Sitting Bull surrendered to army authorities.  He praised Canada.

1882
The John F. Slater Fund began with a $100,000 for education of Negroes.

A Dallas associate to bank robbers and gangsters, Myra Belle Shirley, also known as "Belle Starr," was sentenced to prison for stealing horses.

The New York home sweatshops were allowed to continue in their unsafe conditions, by a ruling from the Supreme Court.

The Immigration Act instructed the turning-away of the insane, criminals or paupers who could not be supported by relatives.  A fifty cent head tax was charged for those who entered.

William "Bull" Halsey was  born in Elizabeth, NJ.  About 60 years later, he would help win in many battles for the Pacific Ocean.

The Jersey Lily, Emily Charlotte le Breton Langtry, "Lillie Langtry", close friend of the Prince of Wales, performed in An Unequal Match at 13th and Broadway in NYC.

1883
The Ladies Home Journal was launched by Cyrus Curtis.

New Jersey  was the first state to authorize trade unions.  

Seventy coal miners died in Braidwood, Illinois in a flooding of The Diamond Company's shaft #2.

Spellman College for education of Negroes was begun in a church basement in Atlanta, GA.

The National Convention of Colored People refused to back Chester Arthur for a second term.   The Supreme Court struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1785, saying that the Constitution only allowed Congress to act upon discrimination by States, not by private citizens. 

The Sons of the American Revolution was established in New York.

1886 - Westminster Presbyterian Church
Phillipsburg 
This congregation traces origins to 1869 Sabbath school in the home of Stephen France, which soon moved to the new Freeman School Building, which by 1884 became known as the Second Presbyterian Sabbath School, which then met in Dull's Hall on Chambers Street.  There was then a church building erected at 137 Chambers Street with Rev. E. C. Cline as the first pastor.  He had been a chaplain with the 11th Infantry Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers.  He designed the memorial window for the rear wall with flags, cannons and guns to pay tribute to that regiment; the word "Peace" and a dove with olive branch for universal hope of greater human understanding and goodwill.  

1884
Helen Hunt Jackson wrote Ramona  - about the abuses of American Indians.

The Kentucky Derby was won by Negro jockey Isaac Murphy and by Negro trainer William Bird with the horse named "Buchanan".

Over 110 were killed in a coal mine accident at Pocahontas, VA.

Theodore Roosevelt began to fight a depression - that made him move fast in life to keep ahead of it - when on the same day, both his mother and his wife died at their house on 19th Street in Manhattan from different problems.

Negro baseball players, Moses Fleetwood Walker and his brother Welday Wilberforce Walker, played at Toledo for the American Association.

Susan B. Anthony and one hundred others asked President Chester Arthur to publicly support women suffrage.

The Edmunds-Tucker Law was used in the west against polygamists.

In the campaign for President, the Republicans haunted Democratic candidate Cleveland with shouts of "Ma, Ma where's my Pa"?  Bachelor Cleveland's handlers coined an answer, "Gone to the White House, ha, ha, ha!"  He did not deny fathering an illegitimate baby.  He had provided support for the child.

The first 10 story skyscraper using a steel girder framework - was erected with elevators in Chicago by William LeBaron Jenny for the Home Insurance Company.

1885
President Cleveland warned "boomers" or settlers to stay off Indian lands in Oklahoma.  

The Oregon Ahantchuyuks Indians agreed to move to a reservation.   

There was a small skirmishes in Canada with Metis Indians; mixed race leader Louis Riel eventually surrendered.  His friend Gabriel Dumont returned to Montana and joined the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show as a sharpshooter.

Many Chinese were attacked in Wyoming Territory at Rock Springs and in Washington Territory.

A.T.& T. was started and headed by Theodore Vail, of the Vail family from Morristown, NJ.  The goal was to build a nationwide network of telephone lines. 

Charles Tainter, Alexander Graham Bell and Chichester A. Bell launched a machine to record dictation.  This would be a boon for working women.

1886
The first Negro American priest to administer to Negro Americans was ordained in Rome, Italy.

Terroristlike Apache leader Geronimo and some of his warriors were captured at Skeleton Canyon, Arizona Territory, by General Nelson Miles and his troops.

During a general strike six policemen had been bombed by one of seven anarchists in Haymarket Square in Chicago.  The seven were found guilty.  Union membership in America was then about 1 million.

Congress voted to legally approve trade unions. 

Corporations received some of the rights or status of "individuals."  This may be a root cause of problems in the 21st century.

The president proposed labor negotiations.

Forty-nine-year-old President Grover Cleveland married a twenty-four year old, Frances Falsome.  Grover had also been her father's friend and the caretaker of her estate, ever since her father had died.

The statue of "Liberty Enlightening the World" was unveiled in New York Harbor with only two women present:  Mrs. Bartoldi and a French official's young daughter.   

Suffragettes on a nearby ship pointed out that women could not vote in France nor the United States.

The reclusive poet from Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson, died at the age of 56.

1887
The federal government, in Utah-territory, began confiscating property of polygamists.

Florida passed a "separate but equal law" similar to the one in Tennessee.  Florida added a provision to the law, which forbade whites from insulting or annoying blacks in Negro cars.

The Dawes Severity Act was signed by President Grover Cleveland.  It allowed tribal lands to be converted to private ownership.  Each Indian head of family would receive 160 acres.  Singles and children would receive smaller parcels.

About twenty or thirty Negro workers were killed in a sugar cane strike in Louisiana.  

Phoebe Anne Mozee, "Annie Oakley," from Ohio was the 5 foot tall sharp-shooter performing for the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show.   She traveled far; she met Queen Victoria in London.

1888
Black Supreme Court Lawyer, Belva Anne Lockwood, ran for president on the Equal Rights Party ticket.

Multiple parties caused the electoral vote to be split, causing Cleveland to loose to Benjamin Harrison, even though Cleveland led by a majority of the popular vote by almost 100,000 votes.

A Negro won a judgment after a Milwaukee theater refused to give him a seat.

Banks owned by Negroes were established in Richmond, VA and in Washington, DC.

Jefferson Davis, once president of the Confederate States of America, died in Louisiana.

A law was passed in Wisconsin.  It mandated the teaching of the three R's in  English.  This would change common practices for Catholic Poles and Germans.

The Samoan Islands became a shared protectorate of The United States, Germany and Britain.

New Jersey began allowing corporate holding companies to hold charters.  Cleveland stated that corporations were becoming masters of the people - and might need regulation. 

1889
Hull House for the needy was opened in Chicago by Jane Addams and Ellen Starr.

Danish-American Jacob Riis photographed the poor emigrants in their stark surroundings in New York City.

Jules Verne had written a novel about a fictitious "Phineas Fogg", who adventured "around the world" on a wager - that he could do it in 80 days.  A young woman reporter, Elizabeth Cochran, better known as Nellie Bly, set out to beat the the record of the mythical Fogg. 

Earlier, she had helped establish the field of investigative reporting.  She had interviewed divorced women in Pittsburgh.  She had gained a job at the New York World of Pulitzer and revealed scandalous abuses by entering an insane asylum feigning to be a real patient.  She had reported on "show girls" by becoming a member of the chorus line.  She had reported from Mexico front lines - on a Mexican revolution.  And now she had packed her bags to soon become a world wide celebrity!

1895
EAST HANOVER
KITCHELL MEMORIAL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH
The First Presbyterian Church of Hanover established three outlying chapels in 1893, each about 1.5 miles from the mother church.  One of these was organized in 1895 as the Bethel Society of Hanover.  Their building was completed in 1898 as a small one room edifice with a bell tower and a dirt cellar with a stove for preparing food for serving "upstairs.".  There were out houses and carriage sheds for the horses.  There were additions as a kitchen, center room, and nursery in the 1920s.  In 1937, the church was chartered as a separate congregation and named the Kitchell Memorial Church in memory of George Kitchell, who died in a tragedy.   The manse was completed in1953, and the church basement was finished in 1956.  A large room in back of the sanctuary was added in 1962 for a secretary and for the pastor's study.  The Christian Education building with six rooms and a Fellowship Hall was also completed in 1962.  A new manse was purchased in 1968, and the old manse was converted into church offices and meeting rooms.  The former pastor's study became a nursery with a crib room for the small children and babies.  In 1988, the church offices were completely remodeled.  From 1895 until 1964, Kitchell Church was a missionary supported church, but in recent years, it has given to diversified missions.

1899
The Jewish Center
Biet Yisreal 
(House of Isreal)
4 Race St. MORRISTOWN

1890
Elizabeth Cochran almost single-handed created a new branch of investigative reporting as Nellie Bly.   She wrote on topics of divorce, mental hospitals, Mexican revolution, and became extra famous for going around the world in less than 80 days.

George Francis Train completed an around the world balloon-trip in just over 67-1/2 days.  Was this the same man who financed the beginnings of the suffragette journal, Revolution?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony headed the newly merged National and American into the National American Women Suffrage Association.

Half of the nation's wealth was owned by 1% of the population.  Was this the beginnings of a gilded age, or will this ratio be fairer 100 years hence?

The International Act for the Suppression of African Slave Trade was signed by the US.

A massacre was reported on the Pine Ridge Reservation at Wounded Knee Creek.  Big Foot and over 150 Minneconjou Sioux, men, women and children were killed by canon fire from nearby hillsides.  Hand to hand fighting followed.  Twenty five soldiers of the U.S. Seventh Calvary were also killed.

1891
A clause was added to the Mississippi constitution aimed at the vote of illiterate Negroes.

Negro cotton pickers lost strikes in Georgia and in Arkansas.  They had sought one dollar per day.

Heavyweight champion Jim Corbett was fought for a sixty-one round draw by Negro fighter Peter Jackson.

Doctor James Naismith invented basketball at the YMCA training school at Springfield, MA.

Eleven Italian-Americans were killed in New Orleans for allegedly killing police chief, David Hennessey, who had been investigating overseas Maffia links.  The Italian minister to the U.S. was recalled to Rome.   

Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii, believed in Hawaii for Hawaiians, opposed the ceding of Pearl Harbor as a U.S. Naval Station. 

President Benjamin Harrison opened almost an additional million acres of Oklahoma, Indian Territory to white settlers.

1892
President Benjamin Harrison opened almost two million acres of Montana, Crow Indian Territory, to white settlers.

It was required that all Chinese in the U.S. be registered.  The Chinese Exclusion Act was extended for 10 more years.

1893
Polygamists were offered an amnesty, if they would abide by future laws against the practice.

The U.S. opened six million acres of Cherokee land in Oklahoma to over 100,000 settlers.

Queen Liliuokalani had been forced from her throne by Marines from the cruiser Boston and by a "committee of safety for U.S. citizens" - with the knowledge of U.S. Minister John L Stevens.

Judge Sanford B. Dole was head of the provisional government.  There were plans for annexation of Hawaii.   Congress refused to vote on a signed treaty.   President Cleveland then ordered that the U.S. forces should withdraw.

Albert Willis was sent to help restore the monarchy and to attempt to bring agreement between the Queen's forces and American businessmen, who wanted U.S. annexation.

Silver prices took a nose dive after India switched to the gold standard.  The stock market crashed, and an economic panic began, which effected over 15,000 commercial businesses, 70 railroads and about 600 banks.  The dollar dropped to almost half an earlier value.   

William Jennings Bryant would come forward to support the "silver standard."  President Cleveland would support the "gold standard."

Shy Lizzie Borden of Falls River, MA was acquitted of taking 40 ax whacks in the deaths of her father and stepmother.  The inheritance would be hers.  She and her sister would settle into a quiet life.

Anti-government, anti-law anarchist and atheist Emma Goldman was arrested in Philadelphia for inciting a riot as she was about to begin a speech to arouse the unemployed.

1894
Colorado granted the vote to women.  Elderly Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony and Isabella Beecher Hooker went before a Senate committee to again plea for the vote for women.

Judge Sanford B. Dole, newsman Lorrin A. Thurston and business friends defied Washington and proclaimed the Republic of Hawaii.   Deposed Queen Liliuokalani asked for help from the United States and/or Britain to no avail.

The was a year of great labor unrest.  Tailors in New York struck as did miners and Pullman Car builders.   Eugene Debs was jailed.  About 100,000 unemployed workers marched into Washington, DC, led by Jacob Coxey, to demand that Congress fund public projects to provide jobs.  

Labor Day was declared a national holiday by President Cleveland.    

1895
Ex-slave, ex-Presidential Candidate, ex-U.S.-Minister to Haiti, Frederic Douglas died at age 78. He had devoted most of his life in support of causes for equality.  Shortly before his death, he had been to a woman's suffrage group.

Queen Liliuokilani of Hawaii and about 200 supporters were accused and  jailed for a plot to violently overthrow the new "Republic."

With the advent of reasonably sized bicycles, women began to ride.  Some designers began to create shorter skirts, too.

Burlesque singer Lillian Russell, married several times, became the "popular star" of the times.

The Red Record  was a statistical pamphlet on Negro lynchings compiled and distributed by Negris Ida B. Wells of Memphis, Tennessee.  It was averaging about 180 lynchings per year.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton published The Woman's Bible.

Booker T. Washington suggested that Negroes school for vocational skills  - while temporarily accepting a second level position in society.  Jim Crow laws were widespread requiring separate but "equal" facilities.

1896
The Hawaiian Islands Ex-Queen Liliuokalani visited the United States.  

Famous author, Harriet Beecher Stowe, died.

One room grade schools were now widespread across the country, educating both boys and girls.   Silent movies and comic strip cartoons were becoming popular.

The first yeshiva in the U.S. was the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary in New York City.

1897
The first female state senator in the U.S. was M. H. Cannon of Utah. 

Prostitution in the lower Basin Street area near the French Quarter became legalized.

1898
At noon on January 1, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, Richmond (Staten Island), and Manhattan Island merged to create a city second only to London in size.

The Battleship Maine blew up in Havana.  Theodore Roosevelt, the Assistant Secretary of the Navy sent, secret orders to Hong Kong to prepare the fleet there to ready for an attack upon the Philippine Islands.  Newspapers fanned the situation until a couple of months later, war was declared against Spain.  The U.S., led by Captain Henry Glass of the cruiser Charleston, fired upon a Spanish garrison at Guam and seized the small island.  

The battleship U.S.S. Oregon sailed for over sixty days from the west coast - far south to round the tip of South America.  It stopped several times for re-coaling.

Finally at the "Battle of Santiago, Cuba," the U.S.S. Oregon used some anthracite coal to speed ahead of other battleships to win victories over some Spanish vessels.  

"Teddy" Roosevelt rode his horse through a battery of bullets to the top of San Juan hill and beyond.  

Puerto Rico surrendered with almost no military action.  

In all, about 289 U.S. troops died, but almost 4,000 died of typhoid fever and yellow fever.  Doctor Carlos Finlay of Havana had suggested that yellow fever was transmitted by mosquito bites.  

Young nurse, Clara Maas, gave her life as a volunteer in Cuba for a yellow fever vaccine.   Clara Maas Hospital in Bellevue, NJ was named for her.  Army Surgeon Walter Reed eventually proved the theory to be true.

At Iolani Palace in Honolulu - the sovereignty of the Republic of the Hawaiian Islands was transferred to the United States.  Sanford Dole became the first territorial governor.

The all Negro cast performed the Origin of the Cake Walk before a New York audience.

A Negro postmaster was appointed in Lake City, South Carolina.  The postmaster and his family were killed.

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that citizenship should be without regard to race or color.   

The Court also upheld a Utah law, which limited the normal work day to eight hours.

1899
Fighting continued in the various Filipino Islands.   

The Hatfields were arrested for more than a decade of feuding and fighting with the McCoys of Kentucky.  The Hatfields were convicted.

Carrie Nation cut loose in the towns of Kiowa and Medicine Lodge, Kansas in an anti-saloon drive.

1904 
ALPHA, a town of  75%  Hungarians, from Lutheran and Reformed backgrounds, formed the
Hungarian Evangelical Reformed Church of Alpha..
In 1905 they applied and became The Hungarian Evangelical Reformed Presbyterian Church of Alpha.  The new church was completed in 1909.  Until 1956, the services were in Hungarian - then in Hungarian and English and recently in English.  A new church was built on High Street in 1969. 
In 1975, it changed the name to the
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, ALPHA

A bill to make lynching a federal crime was defeated.  It had been submitted by Negro Representative G. White of North Carolina.

Booker T. Washington organized the National Negro Business League in Boston.

The first black graduate from Harvard, W.E.B Du Bois, warned in a talk in London, England that the "color line" was the greatest danger facing the people in the 1900's.    He called upon the Negro upper classes to help liberate other Negroes.

Casey Jones died a hero.  His Cannon Ball Express  had been speeding, when Engine Number 638 hit another train.  But he had braked the train to the last - to save lives - rather than bail out.

An open door policy with China was agreed upon by Britain, Japan, Germany, Russia, the US and Germany.  These countries sent about 19,000 troops to rescue foreign legations and to put down the Boxer rebellion.  The Dowager Empress of China escaped to Sian.

1901
On September 6, President McKinley was shot by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz, at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, NY.  He died a few days later.   Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office on September 14, 1901.

On October 16, Booker T. Washington, author of Up From Slavery, was a dinner guest of President Theodore Roosevelt at the White House.  Reaction by many in the South was negative and emotional.

Almost forty years after the Emancipation Proclamation, three planters in Georgia were charged by a grand jury of holding Negro slaves and in some cases, torturing them.

President Theodore Roosevelt spoke of "real, grave evils" in reference to huge "Trusts".  

He spoke of Federal supervision of them for "the interest of the whole people."  Roosevelt was for the eight-hour work day, and he supported standards of protection for women and children involved in work for the government.

All Indians in Oklahoma are granted U.S. citizenship.  The Indians' pride in their own culture and traditions left them unmotivated to follow this gratuitous offer.

1902
Congress authorized negotiation with the French, with the goal of building a canal across Panama, through which ship-traffic from the Pacific Ocean would sail "northwest" to enter the Gulf of Mexico.

Blind and deaf Helen Keller, originally from Alabama and now from Radcliffe, wrote The Story of My Life.   Her devoted teacher, Anne Sullivan, started to teach the idea of language, to the then seven year old, by tapping out the spelling of the word  W A T E R  as the child held her hand under a cool stream of water.   (My mother heard Helen Keller's strained-but miraculous-speech at Fitzimmon's Military Hospital in Denver during WWII in 1944).

President Theodore Roosevelt entered the anthracite coal labor-management  5 month dispute as a representative of the third party, the public.  

Earlier in the year,  Attorney General Knox had filed a suit under the Sherman Antitrust Act to bust J. Pierpont Morgan's Northern Securities Company trust, which controlled three railroads in Chicago and the northwest.   In Pittsburgh, Roosevelt told a crowd, of about half a million, that wealth "becomes a menace and danger when not used right."

1903
Congress and Roosevelt created the Department of Commerce and Labor.  The commission, set up by President Roosevelt, granted most of the desires of the United Mine Workers, including an 8 hour day and a 10 percent raise.  

Seventy three year old Mother Jones led many children into New York.  they protested child labor accidents in textile mills.  About a million and a half children were working for an average of 25 cents per day. 

Roosevelt sent the first around the world cable message to himself.  

Marconi's wireless (radio) news system began between London and New York.  The communications century was underway.   Motion pictures with a full (about 12 minute) plots began to be produced in New Jersey by Thomas Edison's studio.  Some films were:  The Life of an American Fireman and The Great Train robbery.

W.E.B.DuBois' book, The Souls of Black Folk, challenged Booker T. Washington's philosophy.  

Susan B. Anthony donated her book collection to the Library of Congress.

"Typhoid Mary" (Mary Mallon), a cook,  had changed jobs many times.  People came down with typhoid fever after eating food prepared by Mary, a carrier of the bacteria.

Phillipe Bunau-Varilla, of the Panama Canal Company, and residents of Panama revolted from Columbia to create a separate country.  

This would allow the building of a Panama Canal.   The actions were backed enthusiastically by President Theodore Roosevelt. 

In Kitty Hawk, NC, a 605 pound Flyer  was launched four times into a freezing December wind.  The airplane, using a concept of wing-warp for lift control,  was flown at about 20 miles per hour with a propeller driven by a gasoline powered engine.  The Wright brothers had first built their own "wind tunnel" to test wing shapes.  The air and space age was about to evolve.

Jack London wrote tales of Alaska and the Pacific, such as The Call of the Wild.

1904
It was ruled by the U.S. Supreme Court that Puerto Ricans cannot be refused free entry into the U.S.

The Kentucky legislature oppressively approved a "Jim Crow segregation" bill for fines against any institution which would allow entry of both blacks and whites.   

Chinese laborers were permanently excluded by the "Deficiency Act."  They segregated all public and private schools in that state.

However, immigration from Europe was favored by a drastic cut in requirements.   A person would be required only to have a job waiting and to have just $10 spending money.  

The speed limits for automobiles in the Albany, NY region were set at 20 miles per hour on country roads, 15 mph through villages, and 10 mph in populated areas.

T. Roosevelt defeated Judge Alton Parker for his first elected term as President.  He emphasized a renewal of the Monroe Doctrine by remembering that the German, Italian and British warships had blockaded Venezuela in 1902 to collect on defaulted debts.  

Instead, he would allow the U.S. to take similar police actions, while professing no desire for land gain.

Carnegie gave five million dollars to set up the Carnegie Hero Fund to investigate and then award to surviving family dependents when a hero died trying to assist others.   A gold, silver, or a bronze medal would also be issued.

Negroes in Atlanta, Augusta, and Columbia, GA - also in Houston, Mobile, and New Orleans boycotted segregated streetcars.  Jim Crow laws and lynchings drove a wedge between black and white communities.

1905
The U.S. took over the finances of the Dominican Republic after Theodore Roosevelt had begun this on his own.

The Supreme Court put down the "illegal monopoly" of Swift and Company for restraint of trade.

President Roosevelt, in Portsmouth, NH, convinced delegates for peace negotiations to end the Russo-Japanese War.  He convinced Japan to withdraw the demand for reparations.  Russia agreed to withdraw from Manchuria and part of the island of Sakhalin.

A Japanese Regent-General "protector" was imposed upon the Emperor of Korea.  The general closed Korea's foreign legations.  Korea had been a protectorate under China.  The hopes for Korean independence were quashed.   

Gennaro Lombardi's restaurant on Spring Street in Manhattan began to feature a new food of flat yeast bread heated with a layer of melted mozzarella cheese topped with tomato sauce.  This specialty of Naples, sliced in wedges, was called "pizza"!

Roosevelt welcomed many kinds of European immigrants - those who would learn English, pursue education, obey the laws, work hard, try for the "customs and values" of an American middle class.

The "Niagara Movement" listened to Harvard Educated Dr.W.E.B.DuBois say, "refuse to kiss the hands that smite you."   It was a goal to seek full political equality.  

The Niagara Movement sought these : manhood suffrage, abolition of all caste distinctions based on race, freedom of speech, freedom to criticize, and the principle of human brotherhood - as a political creed.

1906
Alice Roosevelt, Theodore's oldest daughter married Ohio congressman Nicholas Longworth at the White House.   Octogenarian suffragette Susan B. Anthony died after many years of leading the fight to be able to vote.

A "trial of the century" was triggered when the marriage of actress Evelyn Nesbit (Thaw) became a "triangle."  Her husband, Harry K. Thaw, shot to death the famous architect Stanford White.  Nellie Bly was to cover the story for several years, as did other famous newspaper reporters. 

President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Charles Magoon of Nebraska to be Governor of Cuba.  The 1902 Platt Amendment had been incorporated into the Cuban Constitution, allowing U.S. intervention to protect Cuba from foreign rule or turmoil.

French actress Sarah Bernhardt performed through over 60 cities in the U.S.  She even sang in French to the inmates at San Quentin, in California.  

(An old dear friend, "Mother" Rebecca Lassiter, once said that a beautiful woman should not visit a jail or prison, unless she had grey hair!)

Many young football players were being crippled and killed in the game of football.  The legalization of the "forward pass" was okayed to reduce the philosophy of "brute force."  It was required that a team was to have at least six players at the "neutral zone", the line of scrimmage.

Small diamonds were discovered on a farm near Murfreesboro, Arkansas.  The land covered a "pipe" of an ancient volcano.

A massive earthquake hit San Francisco.  Resulting fires destroyed about eight square miles of the city.   Oakland and San Jose, California were also involved.  The Opera House was destroyed, too.  Enrico Caruso was found sitting on his valise outside the destroyed Palace Hotel.  In the fall in New York, he was found guilty of molesting a woman at the NY Central Park Zoo ... his right elbow touched her left forearm ... there must have been a little more to the situation than this!

The San Francisco board of education ordered that Oriental and non-Oriental students be segregated.  The Japanese government protested.  They claimed a violation of a treaty signed in 1894.

Roosevelt called fault finding reporters - "muckrakers", similar to the character in Pilgrim's Progress, who couldn't see a heavenly crown over his head, when he continued to rake muck.

There was violent rioting in the Atlanta, GA area after a newspaper urged disenfranchisement of Negroes and revival of the hooded KKK.

Roosevelt went to Panama to see the huge "steam shovels" and to judge the digging progress.  He began consideration of replacing chief engineer, John Stevens with Colonel George Goethals.   Roosevelt was the first president to ride in a car and to go to a foreign country.   He was to return via Puerto Rico.

Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts negotiating a peace to end  the Russo-Japanese War.

The U.S. sent two envoys to the Algeciras Conference for resolution of German, French and Spanish tensions over Morocco.  Morocco retained its past territory; however, the police forces were to be controlled by France in French Morocco and by Spain in Spanish Morocco.

1907
Congress banned corporate contributions to national campaigns in response to public outrage.

Roosevelt issued dishonorable discharges to over 160 Negroes associated with silence to protect the guilty in a shooting spree at Brownsville, Texas.  A bartender had been killed and a policeman had been wounded. 

The Supreme Court supported state laws on interstate segregation.  Southern high schools had less than 8,000 Negro students.  Negroes had by this time been disenfranchised from voting in Deep Southern states.  There were more than 100 lynchings per year.

Roosevelt invited San Francisco city officials to the White House to discuss the segregation of whites and Orientals.  Upon their return, they rescinded their orders of segregation.

The North American Indian was published by photographer Edward Curtis.  The Indian Territory and Oklahoma were merged and entered the union as Oklahoma.  So much for promised Indian Lands of about 100 years before!

A coal mine explosion killed over 230 miners at Jacobs Creek, PA.  Low paid immigrants make up about half of the nation's work force even though they were only 14% of the country's population.

The "Great White Fleet" of sixteen battleships set out from Virginia waters to sail around the world to show the flag and to show that America had arrived as a world power.

Pittsburgh counted about 200 houses of prostitution.  Chicago was said to have about 10,000 girls and women working in that "trade." 

Teddy Roosevelt led the fight for moral reform.  A focus on the "white slave trade" was begun.

A Wall Street panic and bank failures were stemmed by intervention by J. Pierpont Morgan infusion of $25 million.

Producers of the film The Count of Monte Cristo sought sunshine for the filming.  The site selected was LA, California.  Hello Hollywood !

1908
Theaters were challenged to cease showing movies on Sundays.  

The National Board of Censorship was created by producers to try to prevent immoral films from being shown.  Some films were actually showing lengthy kisses!

Some of a community of Negroes were lynched in Springfield, IL, when a woman claimed that she was raped by a Negro.

A National Conservation Commission was established to long-range plan and to do something about the country's resources. President Theodore Roosevelt held meetings with over forty governors; they followed suit by creating state level conservation commissions.

Roosevelt's friend, William Howard Taft and New York Congressman James Sherman made up the successful presidential - vice-presidential ticket.

Jack Johnson became the first Negro prize-fighter to win the heavyweight championship - against Tommy Burns from Australia.

1909
Four women from New York drove across the United States.   They started on June 9 and arrived to a great reception in San Francisco on August 6.  Their names : Alice Ramsey, Margaret Atwood, Hermine Jahns and Nettie Powell.

"The Great White Fleet" arrived at Hampton Roads, Virginia and was greeted by President Theodore Roosevelt.  After 15 months of sailing around the world with many "good will" and "show of strength" stops.  

The ships had sailed around the tip of South America, headed north, turned and sailed to New Zealand, Australia, Japan, across the Indian Ocean, through the Suez Canal, and the Mediterranean Sea - and finally across the North Atlantic.   

Eskimo speaking, Matthew Henson, a Negro,  and Robert Peary approached the North Pole.  Ross Marvin died along the way.  Only 4 of the original 17 Eskimos remained with the small group. Dr. Frederick Cook claimed to be the first to arrive there in 1908.   The dispute stewed for years.

W. C. Handey  wrote-down a song and named it "Memphis Blues".  It was originally created for the election campaign of Edward "Boss" Crump.

Apache Chief Geronimo and the painter of the Western frontier, Frederic Remington, died.

A 57 year old US woman, Annie Smith Peck was the first person to climb about 21,000 foot tall Mount Huascaran in Peru.

The Nicaragua president's men killed about 500, including a couple from the United States.  President Taft sent troops to guard other North Americans at Bluefields on the Miskito coast.

Over 250 miners were killed in an explosion at the St. Paul mine near Cherry, Illinois.

President Roosevelt encouraged women to address a horse directly by eliminating the custom of riding side saddle.

1910
Oscar Tamm actually drove a car across the arctic. 

Novelist Samuel Clemens, Mark Twain, and psychologist William James passed.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, NAACP, was organized out of the National Negro Committee. 

W.E.B. DuBois, and whites John Milholland, John Dewey, and Jane Addams were members of the founders with support from Andrew Carnegie.

Teddy Roosevelt and six other hunters returned from Africa with over 12,000 specimens from huge bull elephants, cheetahs,  lions, leopards, water buffaloes  to tiny antelopes.   He would inspire the Museum of Natural History.  New Yorkers greeted him and his crew on a parade from the tip of Manhattan, past City Hall and all the way north to Central Park.  He began to write another of his many books.

Congress passed a law to ban from entry into the country - anarchists, paupers, and diseased persons.

New York City now had over one half a million people of Jewish ancestry, a world record for one locality, mostly living near the Brooklyn Bridge.

Blanche Stuart of Hammondsport, NY was the first American woman to fly in an airplane.

Teddy Roosevelt dedicated John Brown Memorial Park at Osawatomie, KS.

The Mann Act, which barred transportation of girls and women across state lines for immoral purposes, was signed by President Taft.  This had been one of Teddy Roosevelt's proposed reforms.  

1911
One hundred forty six women died in the terrible Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire in New York City.  Some leaped, some burned, some were trapped by a locked door.

Carrie Moore Nation passed at age 64 in Leavenworth, KS.  She had led a lifelong self financed campaign against alcohol.

The Urban League was created to assist Negro migrants from the South to the large urban centers.

Irving Berlin wrote Alexander's Ragtime Band.  Tin pan alley songs sold well.

Teddy Roosevelt opened "the Roosevelt" dam across the salt river in Arizona.

Taft placed U.S. troops on the Mexican border.  Standard Oil Company was required to "break up"; the results eventually gave additional income to John D. Rockefeller. 

James Duke, who had invented a cigarette rolling machine, merged his American Tobacco Company with Continental Tobacco Company, he was required to break it apart into 14 units.

(Continued from 1877) 
1912  (built 1877) 
THE PRESBYTERIAN 
CHURCH OF 
MORRIS PLAINS
church was moved 
to Rosedale Ave. 
at Speedwell Ave   see below !

In 1912, lots at Rosedale Avenue at Speedwell Avenue were purchased by pledged contributions.  Then, after thirty-five years of church services the buildings were physically moved a half mile to the north-east, to those newly purchased lots on Rosedale Avenue at Speedwell Avenue in Morris Plains.  The building, above a basement had to be jacked-up and rolled along planks using "soaped" logs.  The new site had to be prepared with a basement  foundation.  The building's exodus took about two weeks along a route to Maple Avenue, and then through fields to Roseland Avenue!  See the photos below of the model created by Mr. Fred Miller showing the major effort using both "horsepower and human power."

The religious services resumed at the new site on Rosedale Avenue on April 27, 1913.  

This model of the old church - being moved from the Burnham Road / West Hanover location - was donated by Mr. Fred Miller.  

It is now on display at the 
Morris Plains Museum, a wonderful small town museum !
 

 
 

  

The old church in-transit . . .
    Windows and chimneys had been removed  . . .

***************************************

Reverend Arthur B. Chaffee served during World War I - 1917 through part of 1919.

Reverend Henry Harris served about nine years during 1919 through part of 1928.
The site for a planned "new church" was purchased in 1923 with funds raised by house-to house solicitation.

  ( see 1928  for the career of Rev. Walsh)

1912
A license would now be required for radio operators, even though commercial uses had not yet begun.

Kodiak, Alaska was buried under a few feet of ash from an explosion of a volcano one hundred miles away at Katami.

The Titanic Liner sank in freezing waters on its maiden voyage after hitting an iceberg late at night.   Well, you have probably seen the movie(s).  But a read of newspapers of the time was also very gripping.

Massachusetts passed the nation's first minimum wage law to prevent the payment of "slave wages."

The proud and ferocious moose became the symbol of a third party, which might split the Republican Party vote.  Teddy Roosevelt, who said that he was "fit as a bull moose" actually was photographed riding a bull moose through a lake or river.

American Indian, Jim Thorpe, triumphed in Olympic events in Stockholm of the 200 meter dash, 1500 meter run, decathlon and the tripentathlon competitions.

Bull Moose Party candidate Teddy Roosevelt was shot in the chest; he spoke softly and asked the crowd to be quiet as he continued his speech in Buffalo, NY.

The Republicans nominated William Taft.  

The Democrats nominated Thomas Woodrow Wilson to run for the presidency and Thomas Marshall as a vice-president candidate.  Taft sent troops to Nicaragua during a civil war there.

Thomas Woodrow Wilson from Staunton, VA: Augusta, GA; Columbia, SC; Princeton and Trenton, NJ was elected president of the USA, with 41% of the vote.  Wilson's Presbyterian minister father was from Ohio.

1914 ... 1917-1918 ... 1919 
THE GREAT WAR - WW I 

1913
A parade of about 5,000 women, some riding horses, paraded the day before the inauguration of Wilson.  Alice Paul, of Moorestown, NJ, and Lucy Burns of New Jersey wanted action from Wilson on the woman's vote issue.

The Ohio River went on a rampage through Ohio and Indiana, killing over 450 and leaving about 200,000 homeless.

Ex-slave and fighter for abolition of slavery, Harriet Tubman, passed away in Auburn, NY.  An outbreak of anti-Semitism welled up in the Atlanta, GA area.

A dear - deaf, blind and dumb - Helen Keller pitched woman's suffrage and also socialism, as did fiery violence advocate Emma Goldman.

President Wilson opened Teddy Roosevelt's Panama Canal by pressing a button to explode the Gamoa Dike to flood the canal.

Delaware ratified the 16th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution to allow taxing of income. 

The 55 story tall Woolworth Building was opened as the world's tallest, named for "dime stores" owner Frank W. Woolworth.

"Tiny" Georgia Broadwick was the first woman to make a parachute jump, in CA.

The appearance that the Senate was a millionaires' club, was somewhat changed by the passing of the 17th Amendment to allow the people to vote directly for  their state senator.

Henry Ford's innovation of a production assembly line cut the cost of building a car  - and automobile sales took off.  Ford planned to offer workers $5 per day.  That would start a huge south to north migration of workers.

Old John D. Rockefeller set up the Rockefeller Foundation to give some of his profits worldwide.

1914
Margaret Sanger headed for Montreal to escape 45 years imprisonment for publishing Family Limitation.  She had advocated use of the diaphragm for birth control.   She had also published The Woman Rebel.  Mother Jones answered, "Never mind if you are not ladylike, you are womanlike."

Congress passed and President Wilson signed to set aside a day to honor mothers.

Oregon's governor, O. West, sent his secretary to administer a railroad boom town at Cooperfield, OR.  In just over an hour, she took control and closed all town saloons.

Naturalist John Muir passed away.  Visit the Muir woods near Mount Tam' in Marin County California.

Wilson sent the Navy and Marines into Mexico to depose brutal Mexican President Victoriano Huerta.

The Ludlow Colorado Mine massacre - of children, women and men -  and tent fires resulted from labor strife involving Rockefeller's Colorado Fuel and Iron Company.

False labeling, price fixing, unsafe products, and misleading advertising - became the focus of the new Federal Trade Commission Act.  

The Clayton Antitrust Act was also passed to supplement the 1890 Sherman Antitrust Act to sort-of prevent interlocking company directorates and price cutting to eliminate weaker competition.

A "great war' was rumbling in Europe as President Wilson initially opted for neutrality.

1915
The U.S. Coast Guard was created to protect American coastal cities and waters.

The British Cunard Line's ship Lusitania (with passengers and a few munitions) was sunk by a torpedo from a German submarine.  About 1200 died, including over 120 American citizens.  

The steamer Eastland exploded and rolled over, killing about 800 people in the Chicago River.

William Jennings Bryant, the Secretary of State, resigned from the cabinet to protest Wilson's tougher stance toward war with Germany.

An attaché case was found on a NYC subway; it had plans for sabotage of U.S. Military sites.  Two German representatives were expelled from the U.S.

The U.S. Marines were sent to Haiti.   A document was signed making Haiti a protectorate of the U.S.

At the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, where about 13,000,000 people  attended, famous Canadian-American stunt pilot, Lincoln Beachey, died when his German designed single wing airplane had the wing cable snap during a stunt show.  He crashed and died in the water near the Battleship Oregon in San Francisco Bay.

President Thomas Wilson's vice president, Thomas Marshall, expounded profoundly, "What this country really needs is a good five cent cigar."

The NAACP tried to have the film, Birth of a Nation, bared for promoting the KKK.

The Negro leader and founder of Tuskegee Institute, Booker T. Washington, passed away at Tuskegee, Alabama.

1916
A short story - "She touched my life" :

Emily Griffith was born in Cincinnati in 1868 and had been a teacher's aid in Nebraska before coming to Denver in 1895. She then taught sixth grade and then eighth grade at Denver Central School.  Later, she was promoted to deputy state superintendent of schools.  While at her desk at the Colorado State Capitol building, a barefoot 10 year old boy entered, trying to sell newspapers.  His father was unemployed, and his mother was sick. 

Emily began to nurture a hope to have the many such children in classrooms.  In 1915, she told a reporter of her hopes to have a free-tuition "Opportunity School."

In May of 1916, the old Longfellow School was renamed to become the free-tuition "Opportunity School."  On September 9, Emily Griffith became the first principal there at $1,800 per year.   A working child or older person could enter at any hour during a 13 hour day.   There were courses in History, Sewing, Telegraphy, Bookkeeping, Typewriting, and later, even, Airplane and Automobile Mechanics.  Eventually they taught over 350 subjects.   

Emily's sister Florence served soup in the evenings for those who had missed a meal or could not afford a meal.  Over 100,000 students enrolled before Emily and Florence retired on a $50 per month pension 16 years later, in 1933. 

People in the State of Colorado were shocked, fourteen years later, when they were both found shot in the back of the head in their remote Pinecliffe cabin.  Emily's 79 years brought forth a wonderful school system that has served over a million people.

The details for the above background were published in the "Colorado History Now" newsletter of June 1999.

When I, T. Collins, "ran away from home at age 16", I had no job.  Official agencies would not take time to arrange interviews with employers because of my age - until an Opportunity School administrator dipped into a small 3X5" Card File - and sent me on a messenger-boy job for Frank Kemp at The Great Western Sugar Company at $.65 per hour. (The job paid once a month).
Thank you Emily and Florence Griffith for having your hearts in the "right place" - and for helping when I was in need! - T. Collins

1916
American Troops in Mexico were killed after tracking Pancho Villa after Villa's venture across our border into New Mexico. 

Louis Braneis became the first Jewish associate justice of the Supreme Court.

The May 1916 lynching of Jessee Washington in Waco, Texas, with the involvement of many of the public, was photographed and reported.  It became the cause that spurred growth of the NAACP.  Congress refused to address the lynching problem for many subsequent years.   

President Wilson said to the woman's suffrage movement, "I come not to fight for you, but with you ... you will get the vote 'in a little while'."  This was not enough for Carrie Chapman Catt and Doctor Anna Shaw, who told him, "We have waited long enough to get the vote. We want it now."

Pacifist Jeannette Rankin from Montana became the first woman elected to Congress.

Wilson was re-elected president. Margaret Sanger opened a birth control clinic in Brooklyn.   Roman Catholics condemned divorce; they desired a national law to override lenient state laws.  Frank Lloyd Wright's son invented Lincoln Logs.

1917
Buffalo Bill, William F. Cody, died poor.  He was buried on lookout mountain west of Denver, because he had promised.  The promise was  in exchange for financial aide from the owner of the Denver Post.

Puerto Rico officially became a territory of the U.S.

Czar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate in Russia.

With premeditation, the Imperial German strategists decided to make war from submarines on all commercial shipping.  The American Liner Housatonic was sunk near Sicily.   Wilson broke off diplomatic relations with Germany.

Germany promised to help Mexico reconquer the lost areas of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas, if Mexico would seek Japanese assistance and give allegiance to Germany in the event of a war between the U.S. and Germany.

On April 2, 1917, Wilson asked Congress to recognize that a state of war existed between the U.S. and Germany.  On April 6, Congress declared war.  

Preparation was begun to institute the "draft" to send troops to Europe starting in  late June - with large numbers leaving in August.

On November 2, the first Americans were killed near Bathelmont, France.

1918
HILDALE PARK UNION CHAPEL at CEDAR KNOLLS
The building was ordered from the Sears & Roebuck Catalog for $395.75  
The bell was purchased from Sears & Roebucks for $15.75.  
The first preacher was Rev. William Prichard in 1920.   
Whippany's  Rev Joseph E. Walsh would preach twice a month (he would later serve at Morris Plains). 
In 1921, Rev. Charles Bullard shared the burden with Rev. Walsh.
In 1924,  HILDALE PARK PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH was incorporated with Rev. Bullard as pastor.  A cornerstone for a better constructed building was laid in 1942.  In 1949, a hurricane took the roof off the old building and work was accelerated on the new building's interior.  The new church was dedicated on Christmas Eve in 1955.  Then three lots were purchased at Grand Avenue and Cedar Road., and a manse was dedicated there in 1959.  
The Christian Education building was delayed when the members pledged $10,000 to add a small wing on a Rio Verde Brazil hospital.  Finally, the Cedar Knolls Christian Education building was dedicated, in 1974. 
The weekly services have been videotaped and broadcast on local TV.

_

1918
Bernard Baruch was given control of the War Munitions Board, which was to coordinate and run industry as a team for the war effort.  The scope was from coast to coast.  

President Thomas Woodrow Wilson proposed a 14 point peace plan.

1.  No secret diplomacy

2.  Freedom of Seas in Peace and war

3.  Remove Trade Barriers

4.  Worldwide arms reductions

5.  Impartial adjustment of all claims

6.  No foreign interference in Russian affairs

7.  Full Belgian sovereignty

8.  Return of Alsace-Lorraine to France

9.  Redrawing Italian boundaries with equity for all internal nationalities

10.  Free, autonomous development of all nationalities within Austro-Hungary

11.  Restoration of Balkan nations and Serbian access to the sea.

12.  Sovereignty for Turkish parts of the Ottoman Empire.

13.  An independent Poland with access to the sea.

14.  Create an international body for arbitration (League of Nations).

General Pershing put his American army under the authority of French Marshal Ferdinand Foch.  Aviator Eddie Rickenbacker downed 26 German airplanes.

A spring offensive by the German shock troops took place in the Marne near Chateau-Thierry.  Many of the inexperienced newly arrived American young men and nurses had to face the enemy there.  We had over a quarter of a million fighting men in France.  

By summer, the Americans pushed back the Germans at Cantigny, Bouresches, Vaux and later at Belleau Wood - even though massive shelling and mustard gas attacks were used by the Germans.  

Black regiments led by white officers fought valiantly.  At home, women began to fill the shoes of men on the assembly lines and in secretarial and government jobs in Washington, DC.  They also knitted sweaters for many of the soldiers.

By fall, Americans were involved in pushing back the enemy at St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne.  

In Italy, many Italian, British and American troops pushed the Austrian army back, but the River Piave took a large toll of allied troops.

Annette Adams became the first woman attorney general of the U.S.

The armistice was signed on November 11 (11/11/1918 at 11am --- my high school teacher said it was at 11:11 am; he did not specify the seconds, it must have been 11/11/ 11:11:11 am)!  

Now the jaw-boning was to begin for many months - before the final peace papers were to be signed.

President Thomas W. Wilson headed to Europe with under-secretary Franklin Roosevelt along on the voyage for a peace parley in Versailles, France.

Most of Mobile, Alabama burned after a fire started at a meat market.  About forty blocks and about 200 homes were hit.

The life threatening Spanish Flu hit one person out of four.

Republican Henry Cabot Lodge led thirty nine Republican senators in opposition to our country in joining a League of Nations.  A heavy and flawed treaty was signed in Versailles by both sides of the "great war."  

Wilson went on a national rail tour to promote the League of Nations.  On September 25, Wilson, weakened by influenza, had a nervous breakdown.  A week later he had a stroke which caused his left side to be paralyzed.  His duties were then carried out by his close advisors, including his wife.

Race riots began in Chicago, but spread to many places across the country.  Many died.   Governor Cal Coolidge of Massachusetts ordered the National Guard into Boston to put down a strike of policemen.

American troops are withdrawn from Vladivostok, Russia after minor involvement in their civil war.   We would instead begin a large program of food relief.  About 250 radicals were deported to Soviet Russia.  Anarchist Emma Goldman was on board.

Jack Dempsey, the "Manassa, Colorado mauler" defeated the giant, Jess Willard, in three rounds.  Willard had gained the championship in a controversial decision in Cuba (1915) over Jack Johnson.

President Theodore Roosevelt passed.  He had been very saddened by the loss of his young son Kermit in the World War.  Andrew Carnegie also died.

Lucretia Mott had died earlier, but she had seen the vote allowed in Utah and Wyoming.   Subsequently,  Idaho and Colorado had allowed the vote before the founders of the movement - Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony - had died._

1920
Alcohol Prohibition began, but the Women's Christian Temperance Union, the Prohibition Party, and the Anti-Saloon League would eventually have to see that this "movement for doing good" would lead to smuggling, crime and underground speak-easy-saloons.

Isolationists and others led by Republican Henry C. Lodge defeated approval of the Versailles Treaty.    

Instead, they passed a joint congressional resolution to declare the end of war with Austria and Germany.  Wilson vetoed the action.  

Warren Gamaliel Harding and vice president "Cal Cool." defeated James Cox and FDR.

President Thomas Woodrow Wilson won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to bring peace to Europe.

Jamaica born, but now publisher of The Negro World in Harlem, Marcus Garvey formed a ship line to help interested Negroes return to Africa.  The few ships were very old - the movement did not complete the goals.

August 26, 1920
New Jersey native Alice Paul had been force fed in a London jail, had worked and marched, and had even chained herself to the White House gate to be able to achieve the vote by women.

She had lived to see the final tie breaking vote in Tennessee, when the deciding voter asked his mother which way to vote !   
At last women had won the right to vote !

1928  ( continued from 1877 and 1912 )
THE PRESBYTERIAN 
CHURCH OF 
MORRIS PLAINS

 1877 - 1958 -

                ===============
Reverend Joseph E. Walsh served for thirty-one years from 1928 until his retirement September 1, 1961.  The beloved, "Brother Joe" or "Papa Joe" passed away in 1962.  He had been called from fifteen years of service at the First Presbyterian Church of Whippany, NJ.  

He and his congregation experienced  the "roaring twenties," "the stock market crash,"  "the years of the Great Depression,"  "World War II," "the days of the GI Bill," "the growth of the suburbs," "the tensions of McCarthyism, the Cold War, Nike Missal atomic defenses, the Korean War," the "beginning-of-the-end of Jim Crow Laws," and the beginning of "space exploration". 

A building fund campaign was launched in 1945 to augment the existing $15,000.  In 1953, the building fund was supplemented by The Columbian Life Insurance Plan totaling about $145,000 to be made available for the building of a new church.  On June 13, 1953, the congregation approved construction of the new building, and building contracts were awarded for an Early American design built of concrete and cinder blocks with stucco finish and brick facing at the front.  The general contractor was James Bozzi, Builder, Inc.  The brick faced architectural design was done by C. Campbell Voorhees of Morristown to accommodate 450 persons including the choir. 

Reverend Walsh turned over the first spade of earth in the ground-breaking ceremony.  Actual construction of the new church began on January 27, 1954.  Then church officials and Reverend Walsh did the laying of the cornerstone; they buried a time capsule.   On November 14, 1954, the first service was held in the new church.  The incorporation of the original 1904 stained glass window depicting "The Good Shepherd" was kept a secret from Reverend Walsh as a pleasant surprise!  This new sanctuary was dedicated on November 28, 1954 - through December 5, 1954.   

The basic cost was $125,000.  But with consideration for the architect's fee, bonds, legal fees, insurance, furnishings, organ addition and organ repairs.  The total cost was actually about $150,000.
The furnishings were manufactured by the National Corporation of Orange, NJ.  These included the pulpit, lectern, baptismal font, communion table and the pews.  

Parking for about 100 cars was provided along side and behind the new building.  It was later resurfaced.

The building, between Rosedale Avenue and Hillview Avenue on Speedwell Avenue, occupies a plot measuring 115 ft. by 75 ft.  The Nave measures 70 ft. by 44 ft.  The Chancel dimensions are 32 ft. by 20 ft.  The main floor includes a church auditorium, choir room, lavatory, church office, Pastor's room for robes and the Pastor's study. 

The lower level has a 70 ft. by 42 ft. multi-purpose room with space for Sunday School class rooms. There is also a furnace room, organ blower room, lavatories, storage room and Sexton's supply room 

In 1958, the old original church was used for Sunday school; it was declared unsafe and had to be razed.  There are stories of the roaring noise of the roof, even when sermons were not being given!

Then, Westminster Hall was built and finally dedicated on February 28, 1960.  

Thank you Reverend Walsh and contributors !  (Rev. Walsh died in 1962).

               =======================

Reverend George A. Vorsheim served for over twenty-five years from March 16, 1962 (until his retirement?).  ... 

 1877 - 1958 -

A wing of the education building was then built; it was dedicated on February 16, 1969.

        today !
Sally Rushmore has been the church historian.  Much of this information is a salute to her and others within the church.

Dr. Lawrence A. Chamberlain ... 

The facilities are used to maximum capacity for Worship, church school for all ages, youth fellowship activities, missions support and adult social and bible study programs. 

The Senior Citizen's Mid-Day Friendship Center was sponsored by the Chosen Freeholders to provide for 50 to 100 Senior Citizens with fellowship, balanced meals and programs of interest.

The church operated Joyful Noise Nursery School and the Daycare Center relate to about 200 families.

Reverend Stephen H. Cobb  ...  
arrived in 2004 !
***************************

The years clicked by.

Many women began to cut loose as flappers and concentrated on having fun in the roaring 20's.

The downer 30's reintroduced women and men to poverty.  Hollywood showed happy confident-women;  but down in the trenches things were tougher than in Hollywood dreamland.  World War II would bring back the experience of "working out of the home".  After the war, it was mostly back home in a (hopefully) family centered world. 

In 1954, Union Hill Church of Denville was incorporated as a United Presbyterian church with the pulpit supplied from Mt. Freedom Church. In 1959, the first pastor was Rev. Theodore Blunk._The roots go to The roots go back to 1816 at FRANKLIN HILL SABBATH SCHOOL - it began as a mission of the Rockaway Presbyterian Church.  The cornerstone for the UNION CHAPEL was laid in 1897.  The congregation was served on a rotating basis by pastors of Methodist churches and by the Rockaway Presbyterian church.  Students from Drew and Princeton Seminaries also helped . . .  (see 1954 above)

Morris Plains Presbyterian 
( see 1877, see 1912 , see 1928 )
 
  1954 - 1977 . . .      

1959
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF CHATHAM TOWNSHIP
The early services in the township met in the Southern Boulevard School.  Then the eight acre Mehler Farm was purchased. The first 1962 structure was a two level building with a Fellowship Hall for worship. The present church was completed in 1971.

1969
The Panther Valley Community . . . 
The Panther Valley Ecumenical Ministry
was approved by the New Jersey Council of Churches to include Presbyterian, Methodist, Episcopal, United Church of Christ and various other Christian religions.  A Presbyterian minister, Dr. William H. McGregor, was the first to serve.  They dedicated a church building in 1979.  The church Council represents the five groups elected for a three year term,  Each of these has from two to four denominational officers (elected for three year terms).  These are the Commissions :   Public Issues, Worship, Pastoral Care, Community Service, Christian Education, Buildings and Grounds, Church Growth & Fellowship, and Stewardship and Communication.  A Christian Education Center behind the main church was dedicated in 1985.

1983
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, FLANDERS
The new church is located halfway between Budd Lake and Flanders on Drakestown Road.  The roots of this church go back to 1834, when the Mount Olive congregation was formed from Pleasant Hill Presbyterian church in Chester Township by 48 members.  In 1852, twenty-eight other families of Pleasant Hill Presbyterian voted to leave and start a church "closer to home" - in an area which would become Flanders, NJ.  Two churches were built in the 1850s in Mount Olive Township for these two groups.  The one nearest what is now Flanders, burned in 1889 and the replacement was hit by lightning and burned to the ground in the 1890s - the congregation rebuilt at Flanders  for a third time in 1902 (it still stands, and has recently housed an independent Baptist congregation).  The church built in Mt. Olive in 1852 still stands.  In 1958, the Presbytery of Morris and Orange encouraged merging the two small congregations.  They merged to meet in Flanders (the new name began with no preposition) - United Presbyterian Church, (no preposition) comma Flanders.  The new flock hoped for a new church midway between the towns.  Land was purchased and after a few years, the dream came true.     

Temple B'nai Or (Reform)
(The Child of Light) Jewish
Ogden Pl. MORRISTOWN
(With early help from Church of the Redeemer, Mayor Parsons, Presbyterian Parish House, The Woman's Club)

The year 1968 may be the sea-change year of the 20th century.   The 1960's brought the pill and rebellious sexual practices and new types of VD's.  

The strident, booted-gals of the 1970's demanded and began to receive some equal pay.   But usually, "business" used the new influx of women to take over the clerical world at just above the old pay scales, men's rates became reduced, further requiring that two persons work to maintain essentials and luxuries.  Some women were happy with the results, but others were not.

1983
Scientist Sally Ride answered an ad for employment at NASA.  She went through the rough training program to become the first woman astronaut in space.

1999
Ellen Collins (nice name!) was the first woman astronaut to captain a space craft.  Under emergency conditions, she and her crew performed with courage and success.